HIV_and_pregnancy_flashcards
What has caused an increase in the number of HIV positive women giving birth in the UK?
Increased incidence of HIV infection amongst the heterosexual population.
What is the incidence of HIV in pregnant women in London?
As high as 0.4%.
What is the aim of treating HIV positive women during pregnancy?
To minimize harm to both the mother and fetus, and to reduce the chance of vertical transmission.
What factors reduce vertical transmission of HIV from 25-30% to 2%?
Maternal antiretroviral therapy, mode of delivery (caesarean section), neonatal antiretroviral therapy, infant feeding (bottle feeding).
What do NICE guidelines recommend regarding HIV screening for pregnant women?
Offering HIV screening to all pregnant women.
What is the recommendation for antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women?
All pregnant women should be offered antiretroviral therapy regardless of whether they were taking it previously.
What is the recommended mode of delivery if viral load is less than 50 copies/ml at 36 weeks?
Vaginal delivery.
What is the recommended mode of delivery if viral load is more than 50 copies/ml at 36 weeks?
Caesarean section.
When should a zidovudine infusion be started for a caesarean section?
Four hours before beginning the caesarean section.
What is the recommended neonatal antiretroviral therapy if maternal viral load is <50 copies/ml?
Zidovudine administered orally.
What is the recommended neonatal antiretroviral therapy if maternal viral load is >50 copies/ml?
Triple ART should be used.
How long should neonatal antiretroviral therapy be continued?
4-6 weeks.
What is the advice regarding infant feeding for HIV positive mothers in the UK?
All women should be advised not to breast feed.
