Neonatal Skin Conditions

Question 1

What is this a presentation of?

Small white spots commonly on the nose and cheeks and disappear within a few weeks, present in 50% of newborns.

Answer 1

Milia - small keratin filled papules

Question 2

What is this a presentation of?
Common rash, 50% of term babies within a few days of birth, red macules with small central yellow papule or pustule, from a few spots to a widespread rash, palms and soles usually spared.

Answer 2

Erythema toxicum neonatorum

Question 3

What is this a presentation of?
Red and inflamed skin, flexures are spared, under nappy. Can form secondary infection with candida, satellite lesions present, white plaques on the tongue.

Answer 3

Nappy rash (contact detrmatitis)

Question 4

What is the treatment for nappy rash and its secondary candida infection?

Answer 4

1. Frequent nappy changes and good hygiene, barrier creams, nystatin cream is second-line.
2. Topical imidazole and stop barrier creams.

Question 5

What is this a presentation of and what is the treatment?
Multiple small inflammatory papules and pustules usually on the nose, forehead and cheeks. 3 weeks of age, colonisation with Malassezia (fungus). No blackheads.

Answer 5

1. Baby acne (neonatal cephalic pustulosis)

2. Topical ketoconazole

Question 6

What is this a presentation of and how is it treated?
Greasy yellow plaques that form on the scalp as a consequence of the overactivity of the sebaceous glands. From 6 weeks of age and spontaneously resolves by 6 to 12 months.

Answer 6

1. Cradle cap (infantile seborrheic dermatitis)

2. Baby shampoo, topical hydrocortisone.