Croup

Question 1

What is the proper name for croup?

Answer 1

Acute laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 2

What is the cause of croup?

Answer 2

Caused by subglottic oedema, inflammation, and exudate due to infection with parainfluenza virus.

Question 3

What is this a presentation of?

Stridor, barking cough worse at night, hoarseness, couple of days of prodrome (fever, coryza).

Answer 3

Croup

Question 4

How is the severity of croup assessed?

Answer 4

Modified Westley score

Question 5

What are the severe signs of croup?

Answer 5

Stridor at rest, severe intercostal recession, severely decreased air entry, cyanosis at rest, altered conscious level, exhaustion, <92% sats on air.

Question 6

What is the management of mild croup?

Answer 6

Sent home if settles with single dose of oral dexamethasone 0.15mg/kg.

Question 7

What is the management of severe croup?

Answer 7

Nebulised adrenaline and nebulised budesonide steroid

Question 8

What should you consider if croup does not improve with steroids and nebulised adrenaline?

Answer 8

Bacterial tracheitis

Question 9

What is the most common cause of bacterial tracheitis?

Answer 9

Group A streptococcus

Question 10

What is the treatment for bacterial tracheitis?

Answer 10

IV antibiotics, intubation and ventilation