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Nursing > Mental Health Ch 49 > Flashcards

Mental Health Ch 49 Flashcards

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1
Q

Know the most common thought disorder

A

schizophrenia

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2
Q

include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech and/or behavior

A

Psychotic features

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3
Q

hearing, seeing, smelling, tasting, or feeling something that is not there

A

Hallucinations

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4
Q

false fixed ideas

A

Delusions

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5
Q

misinterpretation of something that really exists

A

Illusions

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6
Q

those that should not be there. Examples include hallucinations, delusions, disordered thinking or loose associations between thoughts, and hearing voices that tell the person what to do

A

positive symptoms

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7
Q

abilities or personal characteristics that are absent or lost to the patient with schizophrenia. Apathy, social withdrawal, psychomotor retardation, flat affect, poverty of thoughts, lack of motivation, and inability to experience pleasure or joy

A

negative symptoms

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8
Q

Know percentage of the population that is affected by schizophrenia pg1127

A

1.1% which represents 3.5 million americans

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9
Q

Know the neurotransmitter related to schizophrenia

A

dopamine, low is negative and high is positive

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10
Q

Know the brain structure abnormalities related to schizophrenia pg 1128

A

Enlargement of the lateral cerebral ventricles; reduced cortical, frontal lobe, and hippocampus volume; and increased fissure size on the surface of the brain

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11
Q

Know the environmental factors related to schizophrenia pg1128

A

Exposure to chronic poverty or a high-crime environment have an effect with schizophrenia development

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12
Q

Know about diet in schizophrenia pg1128

A

omega 3

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13
Q

Age when schizophrenia usually shows pg 1128

A

15-25

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14
Q

Know the types of delusions and their definitions pg 1128

A

grandeur and persecution

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15
Q

Know ideas of reference pg 1128

A

The individual believes that events or situations are occurring because of-or specifically for-them

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16
Q

poverty of thoughts

A

Alogia

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17
Q

lack of motivation

A

Avolition

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18
Q

inability to experience pleasure or joy

A

Anhedonia

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19
Q

Greatest predictor of potential violence with schizophrenia

A

drugs

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20
Q

maintains a limb in one position for a long time

A

Waxy flexibility

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21
Q

imitating the motions of others

A

Echopraxia

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22
Q

involuntary repetition of words spoken by others

A

Echolalia

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23
Q

First generation antipsychotics what do they treat

A

positive symptoms

24
Q

Know why you want to use atypicals

A

less side effects and has benefit for negative symptoms

25
Q

Know about considerations with first generation in old people pg 1131

A

dry up, cant eat, cant spit, cant poop

26
Q

stooped posture. Shuffling gait. Rigidity. Bradykinesia. Tremors at rest. Pill rolling motion of the hand.Treatment requires lowering the dosage of the first generation antipsychotic or change the medication and give benztropine (cogentin)

A

Pseudoparkinsonism

27
Q

restlessness. Trouble standing still. Paces the floor. Feet in constant motion, rocking back and forth.Treatment requires lowering the dosage of the first generation antipsychotic or change the medication and give benztropine (cogentin)

A

Akathisia

28
Q

facial grimacing. Involuntary upward eye movement. Muscle spasms of tongue, face, neck, and back. Laryngeal spasms.Treatment requires lowering the dosage of the first generation antipsychotic or change the medication and give benztropine (cogentin) or benadryl.

A

Acute dystonia

29
Q

protrusion and rolling the tongue. Sucking and smacking movements of the lips. Chewing motion. Facial dyskinesia. Involuntary movements of the body and extremities. Treatment requires lowering the dosage of the first generation antipsychotic or change the medication and give benztropine (cogentin) or benadryl.

A

Tardive dyskinesia

30
Q

(know) Tardive dyskinesia is a primary concern because symptoms are irreversible once they have developed if not caught early

A

…

31
Q

Look for tardive dyskinesia in what type of people pg 1130

A

the people who have been on 1st generation medications for 6-12 months

32
Q

Know about neuroleptic malignant syndrome, what the symptoms are and what you are going to do for them pg 1131

A

high fever, increased pulse, muscle rigidity, stupor, incontinence, elevated white blood cell count, hyperkalemia, and renal failure

33
Q

Know what a benefit of olanzapine (zyprexa) is pg 1131

A

Comes in a quickly dissolving oral form that is a potential alternative to an injection. This form is more expensive; however, it eliminates the risk of a needle-stick injury if they patient is combative, and it discourages “cheeking”.

34
Q

Know how you are going to treat the negative symptoms pg 1131

A

Are treated with medication, a therapeutic environment that includes therapeutic relationships with nurses, and education about basic living skills. Dialogue therapy has been proven to help. Programs such as PACT and ACT have proven to help.

35
Q

Know the rights of the psych patient pg 1131

A

Have the right to refuse medication and other therapies, in emergency situations you can order administration of involuntary medications and/or place the patient on an involuntary hold if proven they are a harm to themselves or others

36
Q

making up new words

A

Neologisms

37
Q

disorganized mix of words, phrases, and fragments

A

Word salad

38
Q

expression of ideas that do not logically connect

A

Loose associations

39
Q

Know about command hallucinations, also, know that they are a priority pg 1132

A

Are voices that the patient hears that direct them to harm self or others

40
Q

(know) Clozapine (clozaril) can cause agranulocytosis pg 1131

A

…

41
Q

Know why you need to watch how you dress pg 1133

A

Monitor your professional appearance and clothing when working with patients who have thought disorders. Be a role model who wears clean, matching, and appropriate clothing. Avoid flashy and dangling jewelry because patients are easily distracted by such objects. Do not place items like necklaces, lanyards, scares, ties, or stethoscopes around your neck, as patients who are agitated can easily grab these and induce choking

42
Q

(know) Know not to drink with antipsychotic medications

A

…

43
Q

Know the national patient safety goals involving patient identifiers pg 1133

A

Two forms of identity must be checked before giving medication or blood products or taking blood samples. When patients are not able to state their correct legal name, an alternative method is to have two health care providers verify the patient’s identity

44
Q

Know how to approach/touch patients with schizophrenia

A

get the patient’s attention first and if agitated do not touch

45
Q

(know) Therapeutic relationships are built on trust so you need to stay consistent and offer self

A

…

46
Q

Pg 1134 how are you going to determine medication effectiveness

A

Adherence to the treatment plan, should decrease hallucinations and delusions, and improve sleep

47
Q

(know) Medications usually work for positive symptoms as opposed to negative systems ESPECIALLY the first generation medications

A

…

48
Q

Personality disorder, know about diagnosing it pg 1134

A

an ongoing, inflexible pattern of behavior that is markedly different from others within the individual’s culture

49
Q

Know the four characteristics of personality disorder pg 1134

A

1 inflexible and maladaptive response to life events
2 serious difficulty in areas of personal and work relationships
3 tendency to evoke interpersonal conflict
4 tendency to evoke a negative empathic response from others

50
Q

…

A

…

51
Q

How old do you have to be before being diagnosed with a personality disorder

A

18

52
Q

Know the main features of Borderline personality disorder is pg 1138

A

Marked emotional and mood instability, self image distortion, impulsivity and difficulty in interpersonal relationships

53
Q

(know) Self mutilation may occur with patients with BPD when they feel abandoned

A

…

54
Q

A primitive defense mechanism is the inability to see both the positive and the negative aspects of others. The patient with BPD sees people as either entirely good or entirely bad

A

splitting

55
Q

Know what gynecomastia is

A

man boob

Nursing (80 decks)

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