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Nursing > Med Surg Final > Flashcards

Med Surg Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Where does erythropoietin come from

A

kidney

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2
Q

What does the spleen do

A

breaks down old rbc’s, harvest iron, 500 mL of backup blood

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3
Q

If my eosinophils are elevated, what’s wrong with me?

A

allergy

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4
Q

Symptoms of jaundice/hemolysis

A

Yellowing of the skin, eyes, conjunctivas

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5
Q

When im jaundice what do i have too much of in my tissue

A

bilirubin

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6
Q

What are bands/blasts

A

immature white blood cells, they do not do a good job

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7
Q

What would I look like if I was anemic?

A

pale, lethargic, short of breath

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8
Q

What do platelets do

A

low is less than 150k, and you aren’t going to clot

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9
Q

What is part of your lymphatic/immune system

A

Thymus, tonsils, bone marrow ….

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10
Q

What makes you at high risk for pernicious anemia

A

Stomach surgery ( missing intrinsic factor ) has to have b 12 injections

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11
Q

What do normal red blood cells look like

A

Oval and indented

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12
Q

How do i give patients iron

A

don’t give it with calcium, drink it with orange juice

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13
Q

What is aplastic anemia

A

lowers White blood Cells, RC, platelets, worried about bleeding, infection, lack of clotting

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14
Q

Ways for sickle cell patients to to go into sickle cell crisis

A

damaging to skin - ischemic, no ice fluid, no high elevations, plenty of fluids

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15
Q

Polycythemia what is blood consistency (thick) know how to teach the how to control that

A

drink fluids

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16
Q

What causes heart murmurs

A

insufficient valves

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17
Q

(know) Check pulse below the site when doing cardiac catheters, radial artery check capillary refill

A

…

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18
Q

Intermittent claudication

A

pain when walking, goes away with rest

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19
Q

Normal pulse

A

60-100

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20
Q

How to grade a pulse

A

+3 is normal

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21
Q

How to calculate a pulse pressure

A

Top number (systolic) minus bottom number (diastolic)

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22
Q

What does “myo” mean

A

muscle

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23
Q

Teaching patients about orthostatic hypotension

A

Sit on side of bed, let feet dangle before getting up

24
Q

Picking out a low sodium diet

A

Vegetables, nuts, seeds, legumes, low fat dairy

25
Q

How to prevent varicose veins

A

regular exercise, supportive hose, elevate feet

26
Q

If i have a DVT what am i worried its going to turn into

A

pulmonary embolism

27
Q

Symptoms of Pulmonary Embolism

A

Acute breathlessness, pleuritic chest pain, haemoptysis; dizziness; syncope.

28
Q

R or L? fatigue, dyspnea, wheezing, orthopnea, sleep apnea, pulmonary edema, pallor, clammy skin

A

left

29
Q

R or L fatigue, edema, hepatomegaly, weight gain, dyspnea

A

right

30
Q

What does a cardioverter defibrillator do

A

Used for patients who have an episode of a life-threatening dysrhythmias. The pulse generator is slightly larger than that for a regular pacemaker because it requires a high capacity battery. Most ICD’s can pace as well as defibrillate. The patient is warned to avoid exposure to strong magnetic fields such as microwave towers, transformers and electrical transmitters, electrical generators, handheld security devices at airports, and arc welding equipment. The patient should not lean over the alternator of a running car or boat motor. A magnetic field will temporarily deactivate the device

31
Q

What does morphine do for people with cardiac failure

A

treats air hunger

32
Q

(know) CHF patients, restrict activity and give plenty periods of rest

A

…

33
Q

What does warfarin do if you are in AFIB

A

prevents clots

34
Q

Don’t forget what stenosis means

A

hardening

35
Q

Know tachycardia and bradycardia

A

tachy is above 100 and brady is below 60

36
Q

What is happening during angina

A

chest pain

37
Q

What does an MI do to pieces of your heart

A

necrosis

38
Q

What does TPA do

A

clot busters

39
Q

What are non modifiable and modifiable factors

A

modifiable you can change like smoking, obesity.. Nonmodifiable are factors you can’t change like age, race, ethnicity

40
Q

What is diabetes insipidus and what are the symptoms

A

Brain trauma is the cause. Peeing so much your body is dry, electrolytes messed up, super worried about hyponatremia, neurological problems do to sodium being high

41
Q

Can i get rid of a goiter

A

no but you can shrink it

42
Q

How to give oral iodine

A

dilute it and put it through a straw so it doesn’t stain the teeth

43
Q

Thyroid drugs require a very strict schedule

A

methimazole for hyper and synthroid for hypo

44
Q

Why would someone have a subtotal thyroidectomy

A

so they can still produce

45
Q

(know) Don’t forget antithyroid drugs do not work automatically, they have to regulate, you probably won’t see improvement for a couple weeks and doses may need adjusted

A

…

46
Q

What is the biggest complication of a thyroidectomy

A

thyroid storm

47
Q

(know) Thyroid storm causes an elevation in all of your vital signs

A

…

48
Q

(know) If you are replacing a hormone of any kind because you do not make it yourself, you will require replacement therapy every day for the rest of your life

A

…

49
Q

Dexamethasone compression test

A

steroids at night and urinalysis in the morning

50
Q

Post Op care for hypophysectomy

A

requires drip pad, don’t brush teeth, do mouth care due to having to breathe through mouth, no blowing nose, no bending off, no couch

51
Q

What is going on with a type 1 diabetic, why do they not have insulin

A

their body is not making any, its killing off the beta cells

52
Q

(know) No cure for diabetes, including gestational

A

…

53
Q

(know) Diet is MAJOR with diabetes, you can never stop even when on meds

A

…

54
Q

What is an islet cell antibody

A

Islet cells are insulin producing therefore Islet cell antibodies kill off insulin

55
Q

Reason for polyuria

A

increased thirst

56
Q

What does it mean when your body is in ketosis

A

your body is burning fat

Nursing (80 decks)

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