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Nursing > AP 4 2.0 > Flashcards

AP 4 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

inflamed, plugged sebaceous gland duct, common in acne conditions; also called a blackhead

A

comedo

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2
Q

primary organ of the integumentary system; the skin

A

cutaneous membrane

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3
Q

skinfold covering the root of the nail

A

cuticle

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4
Q

bluish appearance of the skin caused by deficient oxygenation of the blood

A

cyanosis

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5
Q

tiny bumps in the upper region of the dermis that forms part of the dermal-epidermal junction and produces the ridges and grooves of fingerprints

A

dermal papillae

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6
Q

junction between the thin epidermal layer of the skin and the dermal layer providing support for the epidermis

A

dermal-epidermal junction

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7
Q

the deeper of the two major layers of the skin, composed of dense fibrous connective tissue interspersed with glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels; sometimes called the true skin

A

dermis

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8
Q

relating to an exocrine gland with secretory cells that release secretions by exocytosis without losing part of the cell, as occurs in apocrine glands

A

eccrine

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9
Q

any of a group of small sweat glands distributed over the total body surface

A

eccrine sweat gland

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10
Q

“false” skin; outermost layer of the skin

A

epidermis

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11
Q

membrane composed of epithelial tissue with an underlying layer of connective tissue

A

epithelial membrane

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12
Q

minor burn causing only minimal discomfort and no blistering; the epidermis may peel but no dermal injury occurs

A

first-degree burn

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13
Q

a pocket-like structure, such as the cylindrical pocket from which a hair grows or fluid-filled sacs in the thyroid gland or ovary

A

follicle

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14
Q

A full-thickness burn that destroys both dermis and epidermis and also extends below the subcutaneous tissue to damage underlying tissues such as muscles or bone

A

fourth-degree burn

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15
Q

burn that (1) destroys epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue and (2) extends below the skin and subcutaneous tissue to reach muscle and bone

A

full-thickness burn

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16
Q

a small tube where hair growth occurs

A

hair follicle

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17
Q

a small cap-shaped cluster of cells located at the base of the follicle where hair growth begins

A

hair papilla

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18
Q

the loose, ordinary tissue just under the skin and superficial to the muscles; also called subcutaneous tissue or superficial fascia

A

hypodermis

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19
Q

a malignant neoplasm (cancer) of the skin characterized by a purplish spots

A

Kaposi sarcoma (KS)

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20
Q

protective protein substance found in hair, nails, outer skin cells, and horny tissues

A

keratin

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21
Q

sensory receptor with a layered encapsulation found deep in the dermis that detects pressure on the skin surface

A

Lamellar (pacini) corpuscle

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22
Q

fibrous connective tissue underlying the epithelium in mucous membranes

A

lamina propria

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23
Q

the extremely fine, soft hair found on a newborn infant

A

lanugo

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24
Q

crescent shaped white area under the proximal nail bed

A

lunula

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25
Q

cancerous

A

malignant

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26
Q

brown skin pigment

A

melanin

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27
Q

a malignant neoplasm (cancer) of the pigment-producing cells of the skin

A

melanoma

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28
Q

thin layer or sheet

A

membrane

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29
Q

the transitional area where the skin and mucous membrane sheet

A

mucocutaneous junction

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30
Q

epithelial membranes that line body surfaces opening directly to the exterior and secrete a thick, slippery material called mucus

A

mucous membrane

31
Q

thick, slippery material that is secreted by the mucous membrane and keeps the membrane moist

32
Q

the visible part of the nail

33
Q

term used to describe both minor burn injury and more severe burns that injure both epidermis and dermis

A

partial-thickness burn

34
Q

membrane surrounding the heart

A

pericardium

35
Q

large, moist, slippery sheet of serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity

A

peritoneum

36
Q

inflammation of the serous membranes in the abdominopelvic cavity; sometimes a serious complication of an infected appendix

A

peritonitis

37
Q

transparent, watery liquid released by glands in the skin that eliminates ammonia and uric acid and helps maintain body temperature; also known as sweat

A

perspiration

38
Q

colored substance

39
Q

the serous membrane in the thoracic cavity that lines each pleural cavity and covers the lungs

40
Q

inflammation of the pleura

41
Q

pin-point size opening on the skin that serves as the outlet of a small duct from the eccrine sweat glands

42
Q

oil-producing gland found in the skin

A

sebaceous gland

43
Q

secretion of sebaceous glands, also known as “nature’s skin cream”

44
Q

a partial-thickness burn injury that often involves damage to the dermis

A

second-degree burn

45
Q

a two-layered epithelial membrane that lines body cavities and covers the surfaces of organs

A

serous membrane

46
Q

malignant tumor of the epidermis; slow growing cancer that is capable of metastasizing

A

squamous cell carcinoma

47
Q

the tough outer layer of the epidermis; cells are filled with keratin

A

stratum corneum

48
Q

the innermost of the tightly packed epithelial cells of the epidermis; cells in this layer are able to reproduce themselves

A

stratum germinativum

49
Q

administration of substances into the subcutaneous layer beneath the skin

A

subcutaneous injection

50
Q

tissue below the layers of skin; made up of loose connective tissue and lipid

A

subcutaneous tissue

51
Q

sweat gland

A

sudoriferous gland

52
Q

hypodermis; subcutaneous layer beneath the dermis

A

superficial fascia

53
Q

exocrine gland that produces sweat

A

sweat gland

54
Q

the thick, colorless lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane

A

synovial fluid

55
Q

connective tissue membrane lining the spaces between bones and joints that secretes synovial fluid

A

synovial membrane

56
Q

large, encapsulated sensory neuron of the skin for light or discriminative touch; also known as the meissner corpuscle

A

tactile (meissner) corpuscle

57
Q

involves complete destruction of both epidermis and dermis with injury extending into subcutaneous tissue

A

third-degree burn

58
Q

basement membrane. layer of the serous membrane that lines the walls of a body cavity (forms the lining of the body cavity)

59
Q

basement membrane. the portion of the membrane that folds inward to cover the surface of organs within a body cavity (covers the organs found in the cavity)

60
Q

(know) epithelial membranes are avascular and connective tissue membranes are vascular

61
Q

What are the 3 types of epithelial tissue membranes?

A 
#1 cutaneous membrane
#2 serous membranes
#3 mucous membranes
62
Q

What are 5 functions of the skin

A 
#1 protection
#2 temperature regulation
#3 sense organ activity
#4 excretion
#5 synthesis of vitamin D

(PETSS, protection, excretion, temperature regulation, sense organ activity, synthesis of vitamin D)

63
Q

What are the 5 warning signs of melanoma?

A 
#1 asymmetry
#2 border
#3 color
#4 diameter
#5 evolving
64
Q

The classification and seriousness of a burn injury, as well as appropriate treatment and the possibility for recovery, are determined by 3 major factors :

A 
#1 total body surface area affected
#2 depth and number of tissue layers involved
#3 type of homeostatic mechanisms disrupted, such as respiratory or blood pressure control and fluid and electrolyte balace
65
Q

(know) 5% of our blood supply is in our skin

66
Q

(know) reticular layer makes up 80% of the skin

67
Q

(know) burns : capillary formability occurs, which means fluid shifts to try to heal the burn. Hypoglycemic shock 24 hours after burn is a risk. Replace fluid.

68
Q

(know) hypertonic ; shrinks cells

69
Q

(know) isotonic means equal

70
Q

(know) hypotonic ; cells get large and rupture

71
Q

(know) isotonic solutions have normal saline and lactated ringers (LR).

72
Q

(know) fluid resuscitation with burns, use lactated ringers (LR)

73
Q

(know) 15 to 20 percent, or more, total BSA that will change the cardiac output (circulating volume)

74
Q

(know) 2nd degree or greater or partial thickness or greater to be at risk of hyperglycemic shock and needing fluid resuscitation

Nursing (80 decks)

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