Med Surg Ch 17 + 18

Question 1

Which preventative measure(s) may protect against development of cardiovascular disease? (Select all that apply.)

a. Exercising regularly for at least 30 minutes a day
b. Maintaining high-density lipoprotein (HDL) greater than 50 mg/dL
c. Refraining from smoking
d. Obtaining and maintaining a healthy weight
e. Maintaining triglycerides above 150 mg/dL

Answer 1

A, B, C, D

Question 2

Which factors may affect the volume of cardiac output? (Select all that apply.)

a. Heart rate
b. Peripheral pulses
c. Preload
d. Contraction strength
e. Afterload

Answer 2

A, C, D, E

Question 3

Which modifiable risk factors increase a patient’s risk for heart disease? (Select all that apply.)

a. Smoking
b. Race
c. Obesity
d. Sedentary lifestyle
e. Age

Answer 3

A, C, D

Question 4

Which disorder(s) is/are examples of congenital heart defects? (Select all that apply.)

a. Arteriosclerosis
b. Coarctation of the aorta
c. Septal defects
d. Valvular defects
e. Atherosclerosis

Answer 4

B, C, D

Question 5

The nurse assessing the heart places the stethoscope between the fifth and sixth ribs at the mid-clavicular line to hear
the point of ________

Answer 5

maximum impulse

Question 6

When the nurse uses the PQRST tool for pain assessment, the “R” prompts an inquiry about the __________ of the
pain.

Answer 6

radiation

Question 7

The nurse who uses a regular sized adult blood pressure cuff on a large adult will get a blood pressure reading that is
falsely __________

Answer 7

elevated

Question 8

_________ is the acute symptom most experienced by African Americans when having a myocardial infarction (MI).

Answer 8

Dyspnea

Question 9

Which problems are potential complications of uncontrolled hypertension? (Select all that apply.)

a. Stroke
b. Kidney failure
c. Heart attack
d. Congestive heart failure
e. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Answer 9

A, B, C, D

Question 10

Which findings characterize peripheral vascular disease (PVD)? (Select all that apply.)

a. Narrowed arteries
b. Obstructed veins
c. Involvement of all extremities
d. Defective valve function
e. Thrombophlebitis

Answer 10

A, B, D, E

Question 11

Which factor(s) may be useful in preventing peripheral vascular disease (PVD)? (Select all that apply.)

a. Stress relief
b. Diabetes control
c. Weight control
d. Routine exercise
e. Smoking cessation

Answer 11

A, B, C, D, E

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The nurse understands that which age-related
changes may cause PVD? (Select all that apply.)
a. Decreasing blood viscosity
b. Loss of elasticity in vessel walls
c. Atherosclerotic changes in vessels
d. Sedentary practices
e. Weakened leg muscles

Answer 12

B, C, D, E

Question 13

Which intervention(s) is/are important for a patient with venous insufficiency? (Select all that apply.)

a. Avoid swimming.
b. Elevate feet to reduce edema.
c. Wear tight clothing.
d. Decrease fluid intake.
e. Apply elastic compression wraps twice daily.

Answer 13

B, E

Question 14

Which words compose part of the “5 Ps” of arterial disease? (Select all that apply.)

a. Pain
b. Paresthesia
c. Purulent
d. Pooling
e. Pallor

Answer 14

A, B, E

Question 15

The nurse is caring for an 80-year-old long-resident in a term care facility. Which intervention(s) should the nurse plan
to enhance blood flow? (Select all that apply.)
a. Apply light blankets over legs while sitting.
b. Elevate legs frequently.
c. Encourage walking.
d. Avoid tight compression stockings.
e. Maintain a warm environment.

Answer 15

A, B, C, E

Question 16

The nurse is caring for a patient with Raynaud disease who is employed as a construction worker, has hypertension,
and smokes one-half to one pack of cigarettes per day. What teaching points should the nurse include in discharge instructions?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Wear gloves when handling cold items.
b. Drink plenty of warm beverages, such as coffee.
c. Wear insulated socks when working in cool weather.
d. Attend a smoking program.
e. Use a heating pad to stay warm

Answer 16

A, C, D, E

Question 17

The patient who has a history of smoking and alcohol abuse is most likely to develop __________ hypertension.

Answer 17

secondary