Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nursing > AP FINAL > Flashcards

AP FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of how the body functions?

A

physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Know the correct sequence of the level of organization

A

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Know reference positions for all body directional terms.. for example, relationship between the knee and the ankle

A

anatomical position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

runs along a lengthwise plane running from front to back. It divides the body or any of its parts into right and left sides.

A

Sagittal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

equal right and left sides

A

Midsagittal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

divides the body or any of its parts into anterior and posterior portions

A

frontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

divides the body or any of its parts into upper and lower portions

A

transverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Know the body cavities, Know what is located in them for example, the mediastinum, what cavity is it in?

A

Dorsal contains cranial and spinal.. Ventral contains thoracic, pleural, mediastinum, diaphragm, abdominal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two major cavities of the body?

A

Dorsal and ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The diaphragm divides which cavities?

A

Thoracic from the abdominal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

using the maintaining of a constant temperature in a building as an example of a feedback loop,the thermometer would be an example of a?

A

sensor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

You are given some pH readings, be able to state whether it is acidic, base, or alkaline

A

An acid has a pH less than 7.. A base has a pH greater than 7 and has more OH- ions than H+ ions in solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If we have a buildup of CO2, CO2 is a base, when we breathe it out what happens? Buildup , of CO2 is acidosis.. so..

A

it causes it pH to rise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

(know) example of monosaccharide (glucose),disaccharide (sucrose), polysaccharide (starch, glycogen)

A

…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The control center of the cell is the?

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Know what cilia is

A

Small, hairlike structures on the exposed side of some cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane is a process called

A

osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

makes a cell swell

A

hypotonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

draws fluid out of the cell and shrivels it up

A

hypertonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Know the main difference between active and passive transport

A

active requires energy, ATP, and passive does not require energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is another term for tissue fluid?

A

interstitial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Know about cell division

A

Interphase, Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

DNA replication occurs during which phase of mitosis?

A

interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fluid within the cell membrane, what is it called?

A

cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Fluid outside the cell membrane is called?
interstitial fluid
26
Stratified squamous tissue is what
epithelial tissue
27
Smooth striated and cardiac are examples of what kind of tissue?
Muscle tissue
28
Adipose is what kind of tissue?
connective tissue
29
What type of tissue is blood?
connective tissue
30
Hematopoietic tissue is made of what kind of tissue?
connective tissue
31
Pseudostratified tissue is made up of what kind of tissue?
epithelial
32
Which tissues have the ability to shorten and stretch?
muscle
33
Fibers found in the matrix give the tissues the ability to stretch and rebound easily
Elastin
34
How do you best define a system
group of organs working together to perform a function
35
What's the primary function of the integumentary system
protection of underlying structures
36
Know accessory structures of the skin
hair, nails, sweat glands
37
How many bones do you have
206
38
What are the functions of your muscular system?
Movement, posture, heat production, fatigue
39
Primary function of the cardiovascular system?
Transportation of materials
40
(know) Anytime you are asked about the lining of the interior of an organ or cavity, it is going to refer to the word parietal layer. If it lines or covers something on the outside it is visceral
...
41
(know) The lungs are referred to as the pleural or pleura space also.. parietal layer
...
42
The lungs are in which body cavity
thoracic
43
Know what bursa is and where they are located
fluid filled sacs located in the joints of your knees and are filled with synovial fluid
44
The part of your skin that gives you your fingerprint is the dermal what
Dermal papillae
45
What is the visible part of the hair?
the shaft
46
What does red bone marrow do?
hematopoiesis
47
The humerus would be an example of what kind of bone?
long bone
48
(bone making)
osteoblasts
49
(bone breaking)
osteoclasts
50
What is responsible for mastication, opening and closing your mouth
mandible
51
(know) zygomatics are your cheek bones
...
52
What is your upper jaw called?
maxilla
53
If we hit the back of our skull what does it affect?
Vision, occipital
54
What are the 2 bones of the lower arm
ulna and radius
55
Which reduces the angle of a joint?
flexion
56
What increases the angle of a joint?
extension
57
Spins one bone relative to another?
rotation
58
Primary organ of the skeletal system?
bones
59
Striations are found where?
cardiac and skeletal
60
What attaches muscle to bone?
tendons
61
What attaches bone to bone?
ligaments
62
Muscle attachment to the more moveable bone?
insertion
63
Muscle attachment to the more stationary bone?
origin
64
How do your muscles work to make your movements more smooth?
prime mover and synergist work at the same time
65
Tonic contractions are :
Good for posture and do not shorten
66
The minimal level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract is called
A threshold stimulus
67
The movement that is opposite of dorsiflexion
plantar flexion
68
Hand position when it is in anatomical position
supination
69
What part of the body does the deltoid move?
upper extremities
70
The two principal divisions of the nervous system are?
Central, CNS, and peripheral, PNS
71
Brain stem includes what?
medulla, pons, midbrain
72
(know) The hypothalamus is responsible for production of antidiuretic hormone and is responsible for your sleep cycle
...
73
(know) If you hit your head in the occipital lobe it will affect your vision
...
74
Which lobe contains the auditory area
temporal
75
(know) Sclera is the white of your eyes
...
76
What is the conjunctiva?
the mucous membrane that covers the front of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids.
77
What is the color part of the eye?
iris
78
What is the hole that lets light into the eye
pupil
79
What is the external ear called
auricle or pinna
80
(know) Tympanic membrane is the eardrum
...
81
What cells are responsible for the sense of taste
gustatory cells
82
6 primary taste sensations
sweet, salty, bitter, metallic, sour, umami
83
What is otitis media
ear infection
84
(know) Increased pressure inside the eye will make you develop glaucoma
...
85
What is presbyopia
far sighted
86
(know) ADH increases the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidney
...
87
Cortisol is made where?
adrenals, middle zone of the adrenal cortex.. you can exhaust your adrenals and it is very difficult to get them back and function properly. It has an anti immunity effect, kind of like a glucocorticoid, increased cortisol, increased inflammation, make you sick, it will cause you to have weight gain in the mid area
88
(know) Epinephrine is released in response to stress
...
89
(know) Vitamin B12, it is absorbed in the stomach by intrinsic factor, elderly are usually deficient in B12 due to lacking intrinsic factor.. Then you develop a type of anemia called pernicious anemia which is very common in the elderly
...
90
Which white blood cells directly attack microbes?
t lymphocytes
91
Which white blood cells protect the body from parasites?
eosinophils
92
Vitamin K stimulates the liver to increase production of
prothrombin activator
93
(know) Universal donor is type O
...
94
(know) Universal recipient is AB
...
95
(know) Term for White Blood Cells is leukocytes
...
96
What are platelets also called?
thrombocytes
97
This is primarily seen in darker people
sickle cell anemia
98
The lack of this substance produced by the stomach lining can cause pernicious anemia
intrinsic factor
99
the chambers of the heart include
two lower larger chambers called the ventricles
100
The upper chambers, the atriums, typically do what?
receiving chambers
101
(know) The right side of the heart deals with oxygen poor blood
...
102
What does the superior vena cava carry?
oxygen poor blood to the right atrium
103
when the left ventricle contracts, it pushes blood through a valve to the
aorta
104
the pulmonary vein returns oxygen-rich blood to the
left atrium
105
(know) The left side of the heart deals with oxygen rich blood and the right side of the heart deals with oxygen poor blood
...
106
What is considered the pacemaker?
SA, sinoatrial, node
107
Know The correct sequence for the conducting system
SA node, AV Node, AV bundle or bundle of his, purkinje fibers
108
(know) High pressure is going to be in the aorta, and low pressure is coming from the vena cava
...
109
(know) The pulse is felt by palpating an artery
...
110
The apical beat can be heard where?
On a line even with the midpoint of the left clavicle and in the space between the 5th and 6th rib
111
cardiac output is
the volume of blood pumped from one ventricle per minute about 5 liters in the average adult
112
What does the thymus do?
matures T cells
113
Which tonsils are located on either side of the throat
palatine
114
If you receive a flu shot to help protect you from getting the flu that is called
artificial active immunity
115
Immunity passed from mother to fetus
natural passive immunity
116
If you've had Measles and cant get them again
natural active immunity
117
Gammabulin injection, hepatitis.. If a mother has hepatitis and delivers a baby they can be given a gammabulin to hopefully help prevent them from getting hepatitis.. It is given after exposure
artificial passive immunity
118
Food undergoes what kind of process?
digestion, absorption, and metabolism
119
Which organ is the main organ of the digestive system
stomach
120
cranial
skull
121
inguinal
groin
122
thoracic
chest
123
oral
mouth
124
brachial
arm
125
carpal
wrist
126
antebrachial
forearm
127
plantar
sole of the foot
128
popliteal
area behind the knee
129
tarsal
ankle
130
cephalic
head
131
cervical
neck
132
lumbar
lower back between ribs and pelvis
133
axillary
armpit
134
femoral
thigh
135
antecubital
depressed area in the front of the elbow
136
the diffusion of solutes through a selectively permeable membrane is a process called
dialysis

Nursing (80 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions