AP Ch 4 Flashcards
Form sheets that cover or line the body
Epithelial tissue
Provides structural and functional support
connective tissue
contracts to produce movement
muscle tissue
sense, conducts, and processes information
nervous tissue
Single layer of flattened cells
simple squamous epithelium
single layer of cells that are as tall as they are wide
simple cuboidal epithelium
single layer of tall, narrow cells
simple columnar epithelium
many layers; outermost layer(s) are flattened cellls
stratified squamous epithelium
many layers of varying transitional shapes, capable of stretching
Stratified transitional epithelium
Single layer of tall cells that wedge together to appear as if there are two or more layers
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Where are simple squamous cells located? (2)
#1 Alveoli of lungs (air sacks of the lung) #2 Lining of blood and lymphatic vessels
Where are simple cuboidal cells located? (2)
#1 glands #2 kidney tubules
Where are simple columnar cells located? (3)
#1 surface layer of lining of stomach #2 intestines #3 parts of respiratory tract
Where are stratified squamous cells located? (3)
#1 surface of lining of mouth #2 surface of lining of esophagus #3 surface of skin (epidermis)
Where are stratified transitional cells located? (1)
urinary bladder
Where are Pseudostratified columnar cells located? (1)
surface of lining of trachea
The “open spaces” among the cells are ___ cells that produce mucus
goblet cells
Cells contain triglyceride vesicles
Adipose (white and brown fat)
Network of fine collagen fibers
reticular
Hard, calcified matrix arranged in osteons or network of beams
Bone
Hard but somewhat flexible gel matrix with embedded chondrocytes
cartilage
Liquid matrix with flowing red and white cells
blood
liquid matrix with dense arrangement of blood cell-producing cells
hematopoietic
…
…
Area under skin; padding at various points
white fat
pockets within white fat of neck and torso
brown fat
Part of nasal septum, area covering surfaces of bones at joints, larynx wall, rings in trachea, and bronchi
Hyaline
Disks between vertebrae in knee joint
fibrocartilage
External ear
Elastic
Where is hematopoietic located?
Red bone marrow
releases their secretion through a duct
exocrine
releases their secretion directly by diffusion into the bloodstream
endocrine
What’s an example of stratified transitional epithelium?
the wall of the urinary bladder
8 types of connective tissue?
#1 loose fibrous #2 adipose #3 reticular #4 dense fibrous #5 bone #6 cartilage #7 blood #8 hematopoietic
has its collagen fiber bundles arranged in roughly parallel rows. This type of connective tissue makes up tendons
regular dense fibrous
Has its collagen arranged in a chaotic swirl of tangled bundles. This type of tissue forms a protective sac or capsule around some organs such as the eyeball and kidney
irregular dense fibrous
Cartilage cells are called
chondrocytes
___ cartilage holds ribs to sternum and is on the tip of your nose
hyaline
___ cartilage is shock obsorbing
fibrocartilage
Example of elastic cartilage?
ear
What are the 3 kinds of muscle tissue?
skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
Long, threadlike cells with multiple nuclei and striations
skeletal (striated voluntary)
branching, interconnected cylinders with faint striations
cardiac (striated involuntary)
threadlike cells with single nuclei and no striations
smooth (nonstriated involuntary or visceral)
Nerve cells with large cell bodies and thin fiber like extensions; supportive glial cells also present
nervous
Where is skeletal located
#1 muscles that attach to bones #2 eyeball muscles #3 upper third of esophagus
Where is cardiac located?
wall of heart
where is smooth located?
#1 walls of tubular viscera of digestive #2 respiratory #3 Walls of blood vessels and large lymphatic vessels #4 genitourinary tracts #5 ducts of glands #6 intrinsic eye muscles (iris and ciliary body) #7 arrector muscle of hairs
Where is nervous located
#1 brain #2 spinal cord #3 nerves
Function of skeletal
#1 maintenance of posture, movement of bones produces body heat #2 eye movements #3 first part of swallowing
function of cardiac
contraction of heart
function of smooth
#1 movement of substances along respective tracts #2 changing of diameter of vessels #3 movement of substances along ducts #4 changing of diameter of pupils and shape of lens #5 Erection of hairs (goose pimples)
Function of nervous
irritability and conduction
transmits a nerve impulse away from the cell body
axon
carry impulses toward the cell body
dendrites
(G) branching or treelike; a nerve cell process that transmits impulses toward the body
dendrite
(G) protein found in elastic fiber
elastin
(G) general name for the fibrous connective tissue masses located throughout the body that surround various organs
fascia
(G) supporting cells of nervous tissue; also called neuroglia
glia
(G) a specialized cell found in simple columnar epithelium that produces mucus
goblet cell
(G) scientist who studies tissue structure and function
histologist
(G) types of supporting cells in the nervous system
neuroglia
(G) nerve cell, including its processes (axons and dendrites)
neuron
(G) scientist that studies organisms that lived in the ancient past
paleontologist
(G) scientist who studies disease processes
pathologist
(G) large molecule made up of a protein strand that forms a backbone to which are attached many carbohydrate molecules
proteoglycan
