AP Ch 7 2.0

Question 1

What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

#1 support
#2 protection
#3 movement
#4 storage
#5 hematopoiesis

Question 2

What are the 4 types of bone?

Answer 2

long, short, flat, irregular

Question 3

the bones of the head, neck, and torso

Answer 3

axial skeleton

Question 4

type of synovial joint in which the spherical end of one bone fits into a cuplike socket of another bone or structure. Shoulder joint and hip joint

Answer 4

ball-and-socket joint

Question 5

small, cushion-like sac found alongside joints, cushioning moving bones

Answer 5

bursa

Question 6

a hormone secreted by the thyroid that decreases calcium in the blood

Answer 6

calcitonin (CT)

Question 7

an extremely narrow tubular passage or channel in compact bone

Answer 7

canaliculus

Question 8

porous bone tissue found inside bone organs; also called trabecular bone

Answer 8

cancellous bone

Question 9

any tube-like passage at the center of a structure, such as the canal running through the center of the spinal cord or through the center of each osteon in compact bone

Answer 9

central canal

Question 10

the process of moving the distal end of a body part in a circular path

Answer 10

circumduction

Question 11

ring of calcified matrix surrounding the Haversian canal

Answer 11

concentric lamella

Question 12

ellipsoidal joint in which an oval process fits into an oval socket

Answer 12

condyloid joint

Question 13

shaft of a long bone

Answer 13

diaphysis

Question 14

freely moveable joint

Answer 14

diarthrosis

Question 15

region of cancellous (spongy) bone within the wall of a flat bone of the cranium

Answer 15

diploe

Question 16

the process in which most bones are formed from cartilage models

Answer 16

endochondral ossification

Question 17

a fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity

Answer 17

endosteum

Question 18

the cartilage plate between the epiphysis and the diaphysis that allows growth to occur; sometimes referred to as a growth plate

Answer 18

epiphyseal plate

Question 19

end of a long bone

Answer 19

epiphysis

Question 20

increasing the angle between two bones at a joint

Answer 20

extension

Question 21

increasing the angle between two bones at a joint

Answer 21

extension

Question 22

act of bending; decreasing the angle between two bones at the joint

Answer 22

flexion

Question 23

the soft spot on an infant’s head, from which new bone develops; unossified areas in the infant skull

Answer 23

fontanel

Question 24

the least movable diarthroses joint. AN example is an articular process between vertebrae

Answer 24

gliding joint

Question 25

blood cell formation

Answer 25

hematopoiesis

Question 26

type of diarthroses synovial joint that allows movement around a single axis. Example is elbow joint.

Answer 26

hinge joint

Question 27

process by which most flat bones are formed within connective tissue membranes

Answer 27

intramembranous ossification

Question 28

holds two bones together

Answer 28

joint capsule

Question 29

space or cavity

Answer 29

lacuna

Question 30

hollow area inside the diaphysis of the bone that contains yellow bone marrow

Answer 30

medullary cavity

Question 31

___ joins bone to bone

Answer 31

ligament

Question 32

upper jaw bone

Answer 32

maxilla

Question 33

articular cartilage disk

Answer 33

meniscus

Question 34

a tiny and very thin epithelium lined cavity in the temporal bone that houses the ossicles

Answer 34

middle ear

Question 35

the large bony process of the ulna; commonly referred to as the top of the elbow

Answer 35

olecranon

Question 36

a large depression on the posterior surface of the humerus

Answer 36

olecranon fossa

Question 37

bone forming cell

Answer 37

osteoblast

Question 38

bone-dissolving cell

Answer 38

osteoclast

Question 39

inactive bone cell

Answer 39

osteocyte

Question 40

increases the concentration of calcium in the blood

Answer 40

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 41

tough connective tissue covering the bone

Answer 41

periosteum

Question 42

type of diarthroses synovial joint in which a projection from one bone articulates with a ring or notch in another bone, allowing rotational movement

Answer 42

pivot joint

Question 43

bone marrow found in the ends of long bones and in flat bones; functions in the production of blood cells

Answer 43

red bone marrow

Question 44

movement around a longitudinal axis

Answer 44

rotation

Question 45

type of diarthrotic joint allowing movement in two different axis. Example, joint of thumb

Answer 45

saddle joint

Question 46

central keystone bone of the floor of the cranium; resembles a bat

Answer 46

sphenoid bone

Question 47

immovable joint

Answer 47

suture

Question 48

A joint in which fibrous connective tissue joins bones and holds them together tightly; commonly called suture

Answer 48

synarthrosis

Question 49

connective tissue membrane lining the spaces between bones and joints that secretes synovial fluid

Answer 49

synovial membrane

Question 50

tiny branchlike threads in a tissue, such as the beams of spongy bone, that surround a network of spaces

Answer 50

trabecula

Question 51

communicating canal between central (haversian) canals that contains vessels to carry blood to the osteons; also carries nerves and lymphatic vessels; also called the volkmann canal

Answer 51

transverse canal

Question 52

lipid-filled tissue found inside the medullary cavity of a long

Answer 52

yellow bone marrow

Question 53

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Question 54

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Question 55

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Question 56

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