AP chapter 5 Flashcards
A ___ is a structure made up of two or more kinds of tissue and is organized to perform a more complex function than just one type of tissue
An organ
A ___ is a group of organs that together perform a more complex function than does one organ
A system
___ includes only one organ: the skin (The hair, nails, and sweat and oil producing glands)
integumentary system
What is the primary function of the integumentary system?
Protection
How many bones are found in the skeletal system?
206
What does the skeletal system contain?
Cartilage, ligaments, and joints, formation of blood cells is another crucial function (bones?)
Muscles are made up of mostly ___tissue, it is also called voluntary muscle
skeletal muscle
A ___ is a dense strap or sheet of regular dense fibrous connective tissue
tendon
When stimulated by a nerve impulse, ___ tissue shortens or contracts
skeletal muscle
___ tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and small intestine
smooth muscle
The cardiac muscle is located where?
in the wall of the heart
What two muscles are involuntary?
Smooth and cardiac muscle tissues
The nervous system contains what?
The brain, the spinal cord, and nerves
The brain and spinal cord make up the ___
central nervous system
The cranial and the spinal nerves, and all of their branches make up the ___
Peripheral nervous system
What are four functions performed by nerve impules?
#1 Communication to and from body organs #2 integration of body functions #3 control of body functions #4 detection of sensory stimuli
The ___ is composed of glands that secrete hormones
endocrine system
The nervous and endocrine systems are sometimes thought of as one large regulatory system called the ___
neuroendocrine system
___ are the main regulators of metabolism, reproduction, and other body activities
Hormones
The pituitary gland, pineal gland, and hypothalamus are located where?
In the skull
The thyroid gland and parathyroid glands are located where?
In the neck
Where is the thymus gland located?
In the thoracic cavity (the chest), specifically the mediastinum
The adrenal glands and pancreas are located where?
In the abdominal cavity
Some reproductive glands also function as ___
endocrine glands
The cardiovascular system consists of what?
arteries, veins, and capillaries
The cardiovascular system is sometimes called the ___
circulatory system
The primary function of the cardiovascular system is ___
transportation
Transportation needs include :
continuous movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide, nutrients, hormones, and other important substances
What regulates body temperature?
The cardiovascular system
Lymphoid organs include :
lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus gland, and spleen
A watery fluid that contains proteins and some fatty molecules but no red blood cells
Lymph
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
movement of fluids and small particles from the tissue spaces around the cells and movement of lipids absorbed from the digestive tract back to the blood
Immune system cells that secrete protein compounds are called ___
antibodies and complements
What are the major organs of the respiratory system? (6)
The nose, pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchi, and lungs
What is a alveoli
Tiny-thin walled sacs
The ___ is involved in regulating the acid-base balance of the body
respiratory system
The primary organs of digestion form the digestive tract. They include :
The mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anal cavity
Accessory digestive organs include :
The teeth, salivary glands, tongue, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and appendix
The digestive tract is also called the ___
alimentary canal
The organs of the urinary system include :
kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Kidneys maintain ___
the electrolyte, water, and acid-base balances in the body
Urine passes through your ___ while you are actively peeing
the urethra
A tube called the ___ extends from each testis and leads to the urethra
vas deferens
The prostate is an ___ gland
exocrine
A ___ is a fertilized egg
zygote
