Fund Ch 29 + 30 Flashcards by Brianna Williams

absence of urine

anuria

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condom with a tube attached to the distal end that is attached to a drainage bag

condom catheter

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massage from top of bladder to bottom by starting above the pubic bone and rocking the palm of the hand steadily downward

Crede maneuver

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inflammation of the bladder

cystitis

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painful or difficult urination. occurs when there is inflammation present in the bladder or urethra, usually because of infection or trauma

dysuria

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glucose in the urine

glycosuria

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blood in the urine

hematuria

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administration of a liquid drop by drop

instillation

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acetone bodies in the urine

ketonuria

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urination

micturition

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voiding during the night

nocturia

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decreased amount of urine output. occurs when urine output falls below 400 mL/24h. it may be a sign of kidney failure, blockage of urine outflow somewhere in the system or retention

oliguria

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excessive urination. occurs when large amounts of urine are voided, with an output of greater than 1500 mL/24h. It is usually associated with either diabetes mellitus, in which there is an absence of insulin, or diabetes insipidus, in which there is decreased production of ADH

polyuria

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excess of serum proteins in the urine

proteinuria

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purulent exudate in the urine

pyuria

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urine left in the bladder after urination

residual urine

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narrowed lumen

stricture

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above the pubic bone

suprapubic

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urine retained in the bladder after voiding

urinary retention

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instrument that measures the specific gravity (thinness or thickness) of urine

urinometer

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artificial opening on the abdomen through which urine drains

urostomy

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artificial opening on the abdomen through which urine drains

urostomy

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liquefied food and digestive juices

chyme

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artificial opening (stoma) created in the large intestine and brought to the surface of the abdomen for evacuating the bowels

colostomy

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discharged fecal matter

effluent

abrasion of the skin

excoriation

intestinal gas released from the anus

flatus

increase in intestinal and colonic peristaltic activity following the arrival of food into the empty stomach

gastrocolic reflex

opening surgically created at the ileum to divert intestinal contents after lower portions of the bowel have been surgically removed

ileostomy

blood that has changed into a dark, tarry substance as it moves through the stomach or small intestine

melena

hidden of concealed

occult

diversion of intestinal contents from their normal path, resulting in an artificial opening into the intesting

ostomy

obstruction of the intestines from inhibition of bowel motility

paralytic ileus

area around stoma

periostomal

the action caused by muscle fibers in a tubular organ that propels contents through the organ in waves

peristalsis

circular muscle that closes an orifice

sphincter

stools with an abnormally high fat content

steatorrhea

opening

stoma

closure of glottis and tightening of abdominal muscles after intra-abdominal pressure increases when one holds one's breath; may result in voluntary defecation

valsalva maneuver

Average urine output is ___

1000 to 1500 mL/day

(know) incontinence is not a normal part of aging

...

A preschool child voids ___

every 2 hours

How many times a day does the adult void

5 to 10

the adult male voids how many mL each void

300 to 500

the adult female voids how many mL

250

(know) there should be at least an hourly urine output of 30 mL. This reflects adequate kidney perfusion

...

specific gravity (thinness and thickness) of urine ranges between ___ and __

1.010 and 1.030

the urine pH range is __ to __

5.5 to 7.0

___ is present when less than 100 mL of urine is excreted in 24 hours. It may be caused by urinary suppression, or to the retention of urine

anuria

involuntary release of urine. Occurs with a variety of pathologic conditions. When it is due to decreased muscle tone, special exercises may prevent it.

incontinence

___ occurs when the person must get up to urinate during the night more than once or twice

nocturia

Adequate urine profusion, how would you confirm that or measure it.. How much an hour?

30 an hour

Provide continuous irrigation for someone who has had prostate cancer, what kind of catheter are you going to use for that

Alcock catheter

(know) Clean the meatus before inserting the catheter, that is the hole that you are cleaning on a female patient

...

After you removed a Foley catheter how long do you measure Input and Output

12 to 24 hours

(know) Someone is performing self urination catheter at home, that's typically just a clean procedure not sterile

...

You need to know about irrigation, once you instill the solution, then what do you do

immediately after unclamp and the collection bag lowered below the bladder for proper drainage

(know) Someone is due to void after removal of a urinary catheter, they need to void within 8 hours after removal

...

(know) If you have a patient that is going to have barium studies done by x ray then you need to be implementing interventions with them from day one because it will cause them to be constipated

...

(know) If someone is using metamucil or bulk forming laxative they need to be drinking A LOT of water because it can cause them to be constipated

...

Someone has had constant diarrhea for 3 days and they are experiencing an acid base imbalance, what are you going to offer in small amounts frequently?

electrolyte replacement beverage

(know) Someone who is on antibiotic therapy and having diarrhea they need to be eating yogurt

...

How much can you use in an enema for an adult?

500 to 1000

How long should a patient retain an oil retention enema

20 min

(know) A cleansing enema who has not responded well to laxative use, you can warm the solution to 105F to help the patient retain the enema and keep it in

...

Know about catheterizing a built in reservoir in an ileostomy

have patient take a deep breath when entering the catheter

(know) The faceplate of a colostomy should allow a 4th or a quarter inch around the colostomy stoma (1/4th)

...

When do you empty an ostomy drainage bag

1/3 or 1/2 full

(know) Buttermilk is among one of the suggested foods that decrease ostomy bag odor

...

A pale stoma indicates what?

compromised blood supply should be recorded immediately and let the provider know right away

How can you control diarrhea in a patient who has a new colostomy, without medications

cheese

Instruct a patient on how to prevent recurrent cystitis

increasing fluid intake, wear cotton underwear, wiping from front to back, emptying the bladder every 2 to 3 hours, peeing after sex

You want to instruct a patient with a new colostomy on foods to avoid that can cause obstruction

shrimp, lobster, anything with seeds, kiwi, chinese, vegetables, peanuts, whole kernel corn

(know) If a stool is pale or light grey in color it's an obstruction in the bile duct in the gallbladder

...

How often does an older adult need to have a colostomy performed after the age of 50

10 years

What do the small intestine do and what is its function

The small intestine further processes chyme into a more liquid state. Food substances are absorbed into the bloodstream from the villi on the walls of the small intestine

Someone is taking a trip to Mexico and they are experiencing diarrhea because they drank water from the faucet. What medications should they take? (list of medications that are antidiareals)

Diphenoxylate hydrochloride with atropine sulfate (lomotil), loperamide hydrochloride (imodium), difenoxin hydrochloride with atropine sulfate (motofen), paregoric, opium tincture