A/P chapter 1 Flashcards
Many cells that act together to perform a common function
Tissue
The most complex UNITS that make up the body
Systems
A group of several different kinds of tissues arranged to perform a special function
Organ
The most complex STRUCTURAL level of organization
Organism
The smallest living units of structure and function in the body
Cells
A hypothesis that has gained a high level of confidence is called ___
A theory or law
___ requires accurate measurement and recording of data, along with logical interpretations of the data
Experimentation
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Atoms and molecules are often referred to as the ___
chemical level of organization
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In this position the body is lying face upward
Supine
In this position the body is lying face downward
prone
Superior means ___
toward the head or above
Inferior means ___
toward the feet or below
Anterior means ___
in front of
Posterior means ___
in back of
Ventral means ___
toward the belly
Dorsal means ___
toward the back
Medial means ___
toward the midline of the body
Lateral means ___
towards the side of the body
Proximal means ___
closest to the point of origin
Distal means ___
furthest from the point of origin
Superficial means ___
nearer the body surface
Deep means ___
farther away from the body surface
Sagittal planes divides the body into ___
right and left sides
Midsagittal Plane divides the body into ___
two equal halves
Frontal plane (coronal plane) divides the body into ___
Anterior and Posterior
Transverse plane divides the body into ___
upper and lower
Diagonal cuts are made along ___
oblique planes
The space inside the skull that contains the brain is called ___
Cranial Cavity
The space inside the vertebral column (spinal column) is called the ___
Spinal Cavity
The cranial and spinal cavities are called ___
dorsal cavities
The upper ventral cavities include ___
the thoracic cavity (chest), and the right and left pleural cavities (lungs)
The lower ventral cavities include ___
an abdominal cavity and a pelvic cavity
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The muscular sheet that separates the thoracic cavity above from the abdominopelvic cavity below is called ___
diaphragm
The ventral body cavity contains __
Thoracic cavity, mediastinum, pleural cavities, abdominopelvic cavity, abdominal cavity, and pelvic cavity
The Dorsal Body Cavities contain ___
Cranial cavity and spinal cavity
The mediastinum contains ___
trachea, heart, blood vessels
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The abdominal cavity contains ___
Liver, gallbladder, stomach, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, parts of large intestine
The pelvic cavity contains ___
Lower (sigmoid) colon, rectum, urinary bladder, reproductive organs
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The basic type of control system in the body is called ___
A feedback loop
The body as a whole can be subdivided into two major portions or components called ___
axial and appendicular
A degenerative process that results from disuse is called ___
atrophy
___ is what physiologists call the relative constancy of the internal environment
Homeostasis
negative feedback loops ___
oppose or negate a change in a controlled condition
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Changes and functions occurring during the early years are called ___
Developmental processes
Changes occurring after young adulthood are called ___
aging processes
Axial Region
Head, neck, and torso
Appendicular Region
Upper and lower extremities (limbs)
