mental health

Question 1

Bipolar I:

Answer 1

Dramatic mood fluctuations cycling from
depression to mania

Question 2

Bipolar II:

Answer 2

Mood fluctuations from depression to
hypomania (a less intense form of mania)
Having a first-degree relative with bipolar increases risk.

Question 3

During a depressive episode:

Answer 3

Clients experience LOW mood and anhedonia

Question 4

Clients with mania demonstrate

Answer 4

hyperactivity
and poor insight, increasing the risk for injury,
sleep deprivation, dehydration, and impulsive
behaviors such as excessive spending and
high-risk sexual behaviors.
Clients often dress provocatively and in bright
colors with excessive jewelry or makeup.

Question 5

Interventions for depressive episodes:

Answer 5

1 priority = suicide prevention.

Encourage behaviors that counteract depressive
symptoms (grooming, physical activity, socialization).

Question 6

Interventions for manic episodes focus on:

Answer 6

1. Ensuring safety
2. Providing a calm environment
3. Encouraging adequate nutrition and rest

Question 7

To manage inappropriate behaviors associated
with mania, the nurse should

Answer 7

use simple, concise
statements and set clear limits on behavior.

Question 8

To ensure adequate nutrition and hydration during
mania,

Answer 8

the nurse should provide high-calorie finger
foods and drinks like sandwiches and protein shakes.

Question 9

Lithium Mood stabilization
Lithium has a narrow
therapeutic index, and toxicity
can be fatal.

Answer 9

Blood draws are required to
monitor lithium levels.
Monitor for symptoms of
lithium toxicity (GI distress,
ataxia, sedation, seizures).
Teach clients to maintain
consistent sodium intake
and drink 2-3 L/day of water
(dehydration andsodium
intaketoxicity risk).
Starts working in 1-3 weeks
(benzodiazepines or atypical
antipsychotics may be used in the
meantime to control symptoms)

Question 10

Anticonvulsants
valproate
carbamazepine
lamotrigine

Answer 10

Valproate: Monitor for
hepatotoxicity and pancreatitis.
Carbamazepine and
lamotrigine: Monitor for
rash, which could indicate
Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Question 11

Treatments

Answer 11

Administer mood-stabilizing medications as
prescribed.
Antidepressants may trigger a manic episode
if used alone.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be considered
in treatment-resistant cases