adult health

Question 1

Pneumonia:

Answer 1

Administer broad-spectrum
antibiotics to treat infection and encourage fluid intake of 2-3 L/day to prevent dehydration and thin secretions.

Question 2

Tuberculin skin test (TST):

Answer 2

48-72 hours after
administration, measure only the induration
(raised, hardened area), not the redness. The test
is positive if induration is ≥5 mm for clients with immuosupression (HIV), ≥10 for clients in high-risk living situations (prison, homeless shelter),and ≥15 for clients with no TB risk factors.

Question 3

TB treatment:

Answer 3

TB requires multi-drug therapy (RIPE regimen) for months. To reduce risk for hepatotoxicity,
monitor liver function tests before and during treatment and instruct clients to avoid alcohol.

Question 4

Influenza:

Answer 4

Influenza requires droplet
precautions. Antivirals (oseltamivir) must be
given within 48 hours of symptom onset for
effectiveness.

Question 5

COVID-19:

Answer 5

Encourage COVID-19 vaccines
to prevent disease transmission. COVID-19 requires airborne and droplet precautions with
eye protection.