child health

Question 1

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis,

Answer 1

When caring for infants and young children with
vomiting or diarrhea, the priority is to assess for signs of dehydration and administer IV
fluids as needed.

Question 2

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis,

Answer 2

Nonbilious, projectile vomiting and an olive-shaped abdominal mass are signs of
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The major complication of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
is dehydration.

Question 3

Intussusception,

Answer 3

Episodes of severe abdominal pain and red, “currant jelly” stools are signs of intussusception.
The nurse should monitor children with intussusception for signs of bowel perforation (rigid
abdomen, hypotension).

Question 4

Intussusception

Answer 4

If a client with intussusception passes a normal, formed, brown stool, the nurse should immediately notify the HCP because this indicates the intussusception has resolved
(unfolded).

Question 5

Hirschsprung Disease,

Answer 5

Delayed passage of meconium >48 hr after birth and passage of foul-smelling, ribbon-like stools
are signs of Hirschsprung disease. The nurse should monitor children with Hirschsprung disease for
increasing abdominal girth, which can indicate enterocolitis.

Question 6

Immediately report signs of enterocolitis to the HCP:

Answer 6

Fever, ill appearance
Increasing abdominal girth
Explosive, watery diarrhea

Question 7

Preoperatively:

Answer 7

Empty the bowel with saline enemas.
Sterilize the bowel with PO/IV antibiotics and colonic irrigations with antibiotic
solution.

Question 8

If a temporary colostomy is needed:

Answer 8

Allow child to play with colostomy
equipment and express concerns about
changes to body image.
Teach caregivers to notify HCP if stoma appears pale, blue, or dusky.