adult health

Question 1

Cancer warning signs:

Answer 1

Teach clients to monitor for warning signs of cancer, such as CAUTION, Change
in bowel habits, A sore that does not heal, Unusual bleeding or discharge, Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere, Indigestion or dysphagia, Obvious change in wart or mole, Nagging cough or hoarseness.

Question 2

Chemotherapy adverse effects:

Answer 2

The nurse should monitor the client’s WBC and hemoglobin levels and temperature to detect infection and bone marrow suppression. Clients with neutropenia should
report low-grade fevers to the HCP.

Question 3

Radiation skin care:

Answer 3

Teach clients receiving radiation
to protect irradiated skin by using mild soap,
avoiding scented lotions, avoiding sun exposure,
and wearing loose clothing.

Question 4

Brachytherapy safety:

Answer 4

When caring for clients
with internal radiation (brachytherapy) follow the
principles of time (cluster care), distance (stay
at foot of the bed), and shielding (lead apron) to
minimize exposure.
Keep client’s door closed.
If implant is dislodged, do not pick up with bare
hands (use lead gloves or long forceps).

Question 5

Tumor lysis syndrome:

Answer 5

For clients receiving
chemotherapy, monitor electrolytes to
detect tumor lysis syndrome (hyperkalemia,
hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, and
hypocalcemia). If tumor lysis syndrome occurs,
correct electrolyte imbalances with IV fluids and
diuretics and administer allopurinol to decrease
uric acid.