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MTAP 1 Clinical Chemistry > 4.4.6 Toxicology (Other Substances and Poisons) > Flashcards

4.4.6 Toxicology (Other Substances and Poisons) Flashcards

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1
Q

Classified as CNS depressant

a. Ethanol
b. Methanol
c. Isopropanol
d. Ethylene glycol
e. Carbon monoxide
f. Cyanide

A

a

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2
Q

Produces acute ethanol-like symptoms which persist for a long-period

a. Ethanol
b. Methanol
c. Isopropanol
d. Ethylene glycol
e. Carbon monoxide
f. Cyanide

A

c

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3
Q

Causes metabolic acidosis and renal tubular damage

a. Ethanol
b. Methanol
c. Isopropanol
d. Ethylene glycol
e. Carbon monoxide
f. Cyanide

A

d

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4
Q

Has very high affinity to hemoglobin

a. Ethanol
b. Methanol
c. Isopropanol
d. Ethylene glycol
e. Carbon monoxide
f. Cyanide

A

e

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5
Q

Associated with metabolic acidosis, blindness and death

a. Ethanol
b. Methanol
c. Isopropanol
d. Ethylene glycol
e. Carbon monoxide
f. Cyanide

A

b

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6
Q

Common component of rodenticides or insecticides

a. Ethanol
b. Methanol
c. Isopropanol
d. Ethylene glycol
e. Carbon monoxide
f. Cyanide

A

f

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7
Q

In methanol, due to the formation of _________ and formic acid which causes blindness, death, and Metabolic acidosis

A

Formaldehyde

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8
Q

Odor: BITTER almonds

Common component of rodenticides or insecticides

a. Ethanol
b. Methanol
c. Isopropanol
d. Ethylene glycol
e. Carbon monoxide
f. Cyanide

A

f

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9
Q

Carbon Monoxide exerts its toxic effect by shifting the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the ______ which causes hypoxia

A

Left

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10
Q

Exerts toxic effect by binding to heme iron and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase, inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation which leads to cellular hypoxia

a. Ethanol
b. Methanol
c. Isopropanol
d. Ethylene glycol
e. Carbon monoxide
f. Cyanide

A

f

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11
Q

Carbon Monoxide has _____x higher affinity to hemoglobin than oxygen

A

245

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12
Q

Higher Blood Alcohol Concentration leads to more severe effects and impairment

a. Ethanol
b. Methanol
c. Isopropanol
d. Ethylene glycol
e. Carbon monoxide
f. Cyanide

A

a

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13
Q

Ethanol:

Death due to respiratory arrest

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

g

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14
Q

Ethanol:

Subclinical

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

a

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15
Q

Ethanol:

Excitement

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

c

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16
Q

Ethanol:

Euphoria

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

b

17
Q

Ethanol:

Confusion

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

d

18
Q

Ethanol:

Stupor

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

e

19
Q

Ethanol:

Coma

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

f

20
Q

Ethanol:

No obvious impairment

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

a

21
Q

Ethanol:

Some impairment of motor skills;
>0.1: Cut-off for legal intoxication
(US)

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

b

22
Q

Ethanol:

Complete unconsciousness

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

f

23
Q

Ethanol:

Impaired consciousness

a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.25
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
g. >0.45

A

e

24
Q

Methods in Ethanol:

Uses alcohol dehydrogenase

a. Enzymatic assays
b. Gas liquid Chromatography
c. Osmometry / Osmolal gap

A

a

25
Q

Methods in Ethanol:

Reference Method

a. Enzymatic assays
b. Gas liquid Chromatography
c. Osmometry / Osmolal gap

A

b

26
Q

Methods in Ethanol:

Screening Test

a. Enzymatic assays
b. Gas liquid Chromatography
c. Osmometry / Osmolal gap

A

c

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