3.6.1 Acid-Base Homeostasis Flashcards
Substance that can yield hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water
a. Acid
b. Base
a
Substance that can yield hydroxyl ions (OH-)
a. Acid
b. Base
b
Proton acceptor
a. Acid
b. Base
b
Proton donor
a. Acid
b. Base
a
Combination of a weak acid and its salt or conjugate base that resist changes in pH
Buffer
Buffer roles in the blood is to maintain the blood ___ within a narrow range
pH
Most important buffer system in the blood
a. Hemoglobin
b. Plasma proteins
c. Phosphate buffer
d. Bicarbonate / Carbonic acid buffer system
d
Second most important blood buffer
a. Hemoglobin
b. Plasma proteins
c. Phosphate buffer
d. Bicarbonate / Carbonic acid buffer system
a
Have free carboxyl and amino groups that are able to bind H+
a. Hemoglobin
b. Plasma proteins
c. Phosphate buffer
d. Bicarbonate / Carbonic acid buffer system
b
Uses HPO42- and H2PO4- to minimize pH changes in plasma and erythrocytes
a. Hemoglobin
b. Plasma proteins
c. Phosphate buffer
d. Bicarbonate / Carbonic acid buffer system
c
Hemoglobin contains ____ histidine residues that bind H+
38
In Bicarbonate:
Carbon dioxide reacts with water, forming carbonic acid which is unstable
T or F
T
In Bicarbonate:
Since the carbonic acid (_______) is unstable, it dissociates into bicarbonate (________) and hydrogen ions
weak acid
conjugate base
Reactions in Bicarbonate is Irreversible
T or F
F
Reversible
What is the catalyst for Bicarbonic Anhydrase?
a. Carbonic acid
b. Carbinic anhydrase
c. Bicarbonate
b
In Bicarbonate:
Under normal conditions, the ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid is _____
a. 10:1
b. 20:1
c. 1:0.5
b
Henderson-Hasselbach equation:
pH=
pKa (6.1) + log(HCO3/H2CO3)
OR
pKa (6.1) + log(HCO3/pCO2 x 0.03)
T or F
T
The “log(HCO3/pCO2 x 0.03)”, the HCO3 (numerator) denotes the function of the?
a. Kidneys (Metabolic)
b. Lungs (Respiratory)
a
The “log(HCO3/pCO2 x 0.03)”, the pCO2 (Denominator) denotes the function of the?
a. Kidneys (Metabolic)
b. Lungs (Respiratory)
b
When the ratio is 20:1, the pH is normal or around
a. 7.5
b. 7.2
c. 7.3
d. 7.4
d
pH may be __________ by an increase in bicarbonate and decrease in pCO2
increased
pH may be ___________ by a decrease in bicarbonate and increase in pCO2
decreased
NOTE: Mnemonics = ROME
Respiratory Opposite
Metabolic Equal
