Urea Cycle

Question 1

Urea Cycle Big Picture

Answer 1

Question 2

3 Transaminations

Answer 2

Question 3

Vitamin B6 and AA Metabolism

Answer 3

Question 4

What other enzyme requires vitamin b6?

Glucokinase

Glycogen Phosphorylase

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase

G6P dehaydrogenas

Fatty Ayl CoA Synthetase

Answer 4

Glycogen Phosphorylase

Question 5

Muscle Degredation of Protein Will Occur under which of the following Conditions?

After a high fat low carb meal

During prolonged fasting

After a high carb low protein meal

During shorter anaerobic exercise

Answer 5

After a high fat low carb meal — This might be accepted much further downstream.

During prolonged fasting

Question 6

Muscle Degredation of Amino Acids

Answer 6

Question 7

Ammonia Metabolism in Liver

Answer 7

Question 8

Enzymes involved in Nitrogen Metabolism

Answer 8

Question 9

Flow of Nitrogen

Answer 9

Question 10

Glutamine Synthetase

Answer 10

Glutamine Synthetas is found in the cytoplasm.

Question 11

Glutaminase

Answer 11

So is Glutaminase (found in the cytosol).

Question 12

Glutamate Dehydrogenase

Answer 12

Question 13

Why is Ammonia Toxic?

Answer 13

Question 14

Nervous System and Amino Acids

Answer 14

Question 15

Synthesis of Carbamoyl Phosphate

Answer 15

Question 16

Urea Cycle Pathway

Answer 16

Question 17

Compartmentation in the Urea Cycle

Answer 17

Question 18

TCA Urea Cycle Interactions

Answer 18

Question 19

Where does Ornithine Come From?

Answer 19

Question 20

Regulation of the Urea Cycle

Answer 20

Question 21

What other pathway exhibited long term adaptation?

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Fatty acid Syntehisis

Fatty Acid Oxidation

Answer 21

Fatty acid Syntehisis

Question 22

Allosteric Regulation of the Urea Cycle

Answer 22

Question 23

Pathway for Regulation of Urea Cycle

Answer 23

Question 24

N-Acetyl Glutamate Synthetase Deficiency and CPS- Deficiency

Answer 24

Question 25

Ornithine Transcarbamoylase Deficiency

Answer 25

Question 26

Continued Disorders of the Urea Cycle

Answer 26

Question 27

Arginase Defect

Answer 27

Question 28

Potential Treatment for urea cycle disorders could include which of the following?

Take aspirin

Taking essential amino acids

Taking Alpha keto acids of essential amino acids

Increasing the protein content of diet

Decreasing Carbohydrate Intake

Answer 28

Taking Alpha keto acids of essential amino acids — leads to reduced ammonia levels.

Question 29

Treatment for Urea Cycle Disorders

Answer 29

Question 30

Hypercitrullinemia Type II

Answer 30

Question 31

Nitrogen Balance

Answer 31

Question 32

Case Study

Answer 32

Ornithine Transcarbamylase deficiency

Question 33

A Healthy individualstarts a diet which had adequate calories but lacks one essential amino acid. What happens to their nitrogen balance?

Neutral Nitrogen Balance

Positive Nitrogen Balance

Negative Nitrogen Balance

Answer 33

Negative Nitrogen Balance