Nucleic Acids

Question 1

Gout and Orotic Aciduria

Answer 1

Question 2

What is Gout?

Answer 2

Question 3

Which one of the following is not a function of a purine or pyrimidine?

Energy Source

Precursor for Nucleic Acid Biosynthesis

Precursor for cofactor synthesis

Second messengers

Allosteric regulators

Oxygen Transport

Answer 3

Energy Source — ATP is an energy source

Precursor for Nucleic Acid Biosynthesis

Precursor for cofactor synthesis— NAD

Second messengers — cAMP, AMP

Allosteric regulators — AMP

Oxygen Transport

Question 4

The nucleoside formed when hypoxanthine is the base is:

Zanthine

Hypoxanthosine

Adenosine

Inosine

Answer 4

Inosine

Question 5

Thymine

Answer 5

Thiamine — comes from dUMP and N5, N10 MethylTHF

Question 6

Purine Synthesis

2 Different Pathways

Answer 6

Dietary intake of intact Purines is Zero. They are not contributing to our salvage pathway. All dietary Purines are converted to Uric Acid

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

The formyl carbon in N10 formyl THF cab be derived from which one of the following?

Pyruvate

Glycine

Leucine

Lysine

Glutamate

Answer 8

Glycine — Glycine Cleavage Enzyme — Goes to N5, N10 which can go in two steps to N10 Formyl THF

Question 9

Tetrahydrofolate

Answer 9

Question 10

The ribose for purine synthesis can be derived from all of the following EXCEPT for which one?

Glucose

Fructose

Lactate

Succinate

Hydroxybutarate

Answer 10

Hydroxybutarate — KB cannot be used to make sugars. All others are glycogenic.

Question 11

Synthesis of PRPP

Answer 11

Question 12

Committed Step of Purine Biosynthesis

Answer 12

Question 13

Which one of the following could lead to an increase in PRPP Levels?

Type I Diabetes

Von Gierke Disease

McArdle Disease

MCAD Deficiency

G6PDH Deficiency

Answer 13

Type I Diabetes

Von Gierke Disease — G6Phosphatase deficiency— goes through HMP shunt — Gout is a symptom because of elevation G6P

McArdle Disease

MCAD Deficiency

G6PDH Deficiency — G6P doesn’t accumulate as much as G6P.

Question 14

Outline of Purine Ring Biosythesis

Answer 14

Question 15

What you should know about Purine DeNovo Pathway

Answer 15

Question 16

Biosynthesis of AMP from IMP

Answer 16

Question 17

Biosynthesis of GMP from IMP

Answer 17

Question 18

Conversion of AMP, GMP to more phosphorylated forms

Answer 18

Question 19

Regulation of DeNovo Purine Synthesis

Answer 19

Question 20

Purine Synthesis and Gout

Answer 20

Question 21

Purine Salvage

Answer 21

Question 22

Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Deficiency

Answer 22

Question 23

HGPRT Deficiency

Answer 23

Question 24

Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency

Answer 24

Question 25

Purine Nucleotide Cycle

Answer 25

Question 26

What other enzyme reaction aids in buffering?

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase

Glutamine Synthetase

Glutaminase

Pyruvate Carboxylase

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase

Answer 26

Glutaminase

Question 27

Serine Derivation and Making THF

Answer 27

Question 28

Formate degredation can be used to make…

Answer 28

Question 29

Histidine Degredation can be used to make…

Answer 29

Question 30

Glycine can make…

Answer 30

Question 31

dUMP to TMP uses?

Answer 31

Question 32

Conversion of Glycine to Serine can be used to make…

Answer 32

Question 33

Homocysteine to Methionine uses…

Answer 33

Question 34

Purine Biosynthesis requires…

Answer 34