Metabolism: Exercise and Starvation

Question 1

Starvation Big Picture

Answer 1

Question 2

Case Study

Answer 2

Question 3

Overall Pathways to be Integrated

Answer 3

Question 4

Regulated Enzymes in Glycolysis

Answer 4

Question 5

What is the key hormonally regulated enzyme related to liver glycolysis:

PFK1

PFK2

Hexokinase

Cluockinase

G3PDH

Answer 5

PFK2

Question 6

Acetyl CoA activates which one of the following pathways?

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Fatty Acid Degradation

Glycogen Synthesis

Answer 6

Gluconeogenesis — acetyl coA activates pyruvate carboxylase which begins gluconeogenesis.

Fatty Acid Synthesis — citrate

Question 7

Regulated Enzymes of Gluconeogenesis

Answer 7

Question 8

Regulated Enzymes of TCA

Answer 8

Question 9

Regulated Enzymes of Glycogen Metabolism

Answer 9

Question 10

Regulated Enzymes of Fatty Acid Metabolism

Answer 10

Question 11

Insulin release will activate which pathway in the liver?

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Glycogenolysis

Fatty Acid Oxidation

HMP Shunt

Answer 11

Glycolysis— Insulin promotes energy storage to provide precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis.

Question 12

What Happens to when insulin is released?

Overview

Answer 12

Question 13

Insulin Release and PFK2, Citrate, Gluckokinase, and Glucose Transport

Answer 13

Question 14

Insulin Release and cAMP, Glycogen Synthase, Glycogen Phosphorylase

Answer 14

Question 15

Insulin Release and Acetyl CoA, Citrate, and Perilipin

Answer 15

Question 16

Insulin Release and Gluconeogenesis, F1,6BP, and PEPCK Levels

Answer 16

Question 17

Glucagon release will activate which pathway in the liver?

Glycolysis

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Glycogenolysis

HMP Shunt

Glycogen Synthesis

Answer 17

Glycogenolysis

Question 18

What happens when Glucagon is released

Answer 18

Question 19

Glucagon Release and Muscle, cAMP, and F2,6BP

Answer 19

Question 20

Glucagon Release and Adenlyate Cyclase, Protein Phosphatase Inhibitor I, and Glycogen Synthase

Answer 20

Question 21

Glucagon and Epinephrine Release and FA, Protein Kinase A, Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase

Answer 21

Question 22

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

Answer 22

Question 23

Glycogen Degredation

Answer 23

Question 24

Overview of Glycogen Degredation

Answer 24

Question 25

Pathways of Fat Metabolism

Answer 25

Question 26

First 12 hrs of Starvation in Liver and Muscle

Answer 26

Question 27

12-24 Hours of Stravation Muscle and Liver

Answer 27

Question 28

Ketone bodies spare muscle protein degradation due to which of the following?

The liver uses ketone bodies for energy

The muscle uses ketone bodies for energ

the nervous system uses ketone bodies for energy

the intestine uses ketone bodies for energy — uses glutamine for energy

Answer 28

the nervous system uses ketone bodies for energy — KB have to be at a certain concentration in blood before brain can take it up (take a day)

Question 29

Metabolism in the Starved State

Answer 29

Question 30

Metabolism in the Starved State

Answer 30

Question 31

Substrate Levels over 8 Days of Fasting

Answer 31

Question 32

Fuel Sources During Starvation

Answer 32

Question 33

Sources of Blood Glucose

Answer 33

Question 34

Starving Liver

Answer 34

Question 35

Starvation and PFK2, F26BP, Pyruvate Carboxylase, PDH, and CREB

Answer 35

Question 36

Starvation and KB Formation

Answer 36

Question 37

Starved Adipocyte

Answer 37

Question 38

Starved Muscle

Answer 38

Question 39

Starving Conditions Muscle, Liver, and Lactate

Answer 39