Unit4- 1.8~ Cardiovascular malfunctions- causes and effects on individual Flashcards
What is coronary heart disease (CHD)?
Its a condition that occurs when the coronary arteries narrow or become blocked. These arteries carry oxygen and blood to the heart
What factors cause CHD?
- The build up of the atheroma (plaque) makes arteries narrower
- Smoking
- Hypertension
- Lack of exercise
- Diabetes
- Blood clots
What are the symptoms of CHD?
- Angina (heaviness/tightness in the centre of the chest that can spread around
- Heart attacks
- Heart palpitations
- Heart failure
- Breath shortage
What are the lifestyle changes for CHD?
- Healthy diet
- Limit alcohol
- Get active
- Stop smoking
What are some lifestyle effects of CHD?
- Can affect amount of exercise you can do
- Cardiac rehabilation programme- set up after
What is hypertension (high blood pressure)?
A condition where the pressure of the blood in the blood vessels are consistently too high
What factors cause hypertension?
- Being over 65
- Being obese
- African/Caribbean descent
- Smoke
- Too much alcohol/coffee
What are the symptoms for hypertension?
There are no symptoms, its only known when your blood pressure is tested:
* High blood pressure 140/90mmHg or higher
* Ideal is between 90/60mmHg and 120/80mmHg
* Low blood pressure 90/60mmHg or lower
What are the lifestyle changes for hypertension?
- Healthy diet
- Limit alcohol
- Get active
- No smoking/caffeine
What are the lifestyle effects of hypertension?
- Puts you more at risk of strokes and heart attacks
- Can affect amount of exercise you can do
