U7 L3 United States: Industrial Climate

Question 1

In the US, where was coal situated?

Answer 1

soil of Appalachian states in East

Question 2

In the US, which area was suitable for large scale agriculture?

Answer 2

mild climate of the South

Question 3

Unlike England and Europe, the US had a continuous supply of what?

Answer 3

potatential factory workers

Question 4

Were the immigrants coming to the US trained?

Answer 4

no

Question 5

What was the essential ingredient/factor in the US that made all natural resources, workers and machines work to create an industrialized nation?

Answer 5

Capital

Question 6

How would businessmen manage to get Capital?

Answer 6

combine their financial resources

Question 7

What were New England investors interested in?

Answer 7

development of American industry

Question 8

Most of the capital/wealth from Northeastern investors/New Englanders came from what?

Answer 8

shipbuilding and trading ventures

Question 9

Did England share its machine technology?

Answer 9

yes but reluctantly

Question 10

What were the factors that encouraged the industrial revolution in the US?

Answer 10

• natural resources and capital
• supply of factory workers/immigrants
• more economic opportunities than England and Europe
• number of businessmen willing to invest their money
• resentment towards Eng after Revolutionary war

Question 11

Was England the leading European industrial nation in the 1700s?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

What was the US’ most valuable invention of the 18th century? Who made it?

Answer 12

Eli Whitney, Cotton Gin

Question 13

What did the Cotton Gin not decrease?

Answer 13

demand for slaves in the South

Question 14

In 1819, what did Jethro Wood develop? What did it replace?

Answer 14

iron plow, wooden plow

Question 15

In 1869, who upgraded Jethro Wood’s iron plow? How did it compare?

Answer 15

• John Deere’s steel plow

- light and efficient

Question 16

In 1834, what did Cyrus McCormick develop?

Answer 16

reaping machine

Question 17

What did the reaping machine do?

Answer 17

speedup process of cutting grain

Question 18

In 1836, what did the threshing machine do and benefit?

Answer 18

• separated grain from chaff

- sped up process

Question 19

The Industrial Revolution began in the US during the administration of which President?

Answer 19

Thomas Jefferson

Question 20

Was expansive international trade and commerce SLOW in coming to industry in the US?

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

What hindered the US’ trade with Europe?

Answer 21

• war btw Eng and Fra

- Embargo Act of 1807 prevented US ships form sailing to Eng with goods

Question 22

What was the impact of the Embargo of 1807?

Answer 22

• forced Us to become more self-reliant
• traded internally
• increased production of American products

Question 23

The cotton gin was the first machine that boosted which revolution in the US?

Answer 23

agricultural revolution

Question 24

The iron/steel plow and reaping/threshing machine contributed to which revolution?

Answer 24

agricultural revolution

Question 25

Increased manufacturing in the US occurred primarily in which industries?

Answer 25

- textile - iron - leather

Question 26

When did construction on a national road (to deal with transportation problems) begin in the US?

Answer 26

1811

Question 27

What was Cumberland Road? Where is it? What was its initial destination? How wide is it? What is it covered with?

Answer 27

- first national road in US - Cumberland, Maryland - Wheeling Virginia (now in West Virginia) - 30-80 ft - crushed rock

Question 28

In 1825, what canal was completed?

Answer 28

Erie Canal

Question 29

What did the Erie Canal connect?

Answer 29

Lake Erie with NY's Hudson River

Question 30

The Erie Canal created a direct route from which bodies of water?

Answer 30

Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean

Question 31

The cost of shipping grain from Buffalo to NYC dropped from $100 to what?

Answer 31

$5 per ton

Question 32

After the Erie Canal, what other canals were built?

Answer 32

- Phil- Pitts - Ohio River- Lake Erie - Lake Michi- Illinois River - Lake Champlain- Hudson River PIP OLE MIL CHAPU

Question 33

What did the construction of waterways in the US aid?

Answer 33

- economy - travel - boosted industry - recreation

Question 34

Robert Fulton launched his Clermont for a round trip of how many miles through which places?

Answer 34

- 300 mi | - NYC to Albany

Question 35

What locomotive made their value apparent in the US?

Answer 35

Tom Thumb

Question 36

Who invented the Tom Thumb and when?

Answer 36

Peter Cooper, 1830

Question 37

How much railroad track was laid in the US at the time of Tom Thumbs invention, 1840, and 1860?

Answer 37

T- 30 miles 40- 2800 miles 60- 30,000 miles

Question 38

How many tons of iron and steel were necessary to build a single mile of track?

Answer 38

300 tons

Question 39

What was one advantage of the railroad other that speed and efficiency in transportation?

Answer 39

boosted iron and steel industries

Question 40

In the early 1800s, what did Francis C. Lowell build?

Answer 40

clothing factory in Massachusetts where raw cotton was made into cloth

Question 41

In 1846, what did Elias Howe invent?

Answer 41

sewing machine

Question 42

What were the benefits of the sewing machine?

Answer 42

- reduced clothing prices | - sped up process