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WORLD HISTORY > U7 L3 United States: Industrial Climate > Flashcards

U7 L3 United States: Industrial Climate Flashcards

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1
Q

In the US, where was coal situated?

A

soil of Appalachian states in East

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2
Q

In the US, which area was suitable for large scale agriculture?

A

mild climate of the South

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3
Q

Unlike England and Europe, the US had a continuous supply of what?

A

potatential factory workers

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4
Q

Were the immigrants coming to the US trained?

A

no

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5
Q

What was the essential ingredient/factor in the US that made all natural resources, workers and machines work to create an industrialized nation?

A

Capital

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6
Q

How would businessmen manage to get Capital?

A

combine their financial resources

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7
Q

What were New England investors interested in?

A

development of American industry

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8
Q

Most of the capital/wealth from Northeastern investors/New Englanders came from what?

A

shipbuilding and trading ventures

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9
Q

Did England share its machine technology?

A

yes but reluctantly

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10
Q

What were the factors that encouraged the industrial revolution in the US?

A
  • natural resources and capital
  • supply of factory workers/immigrants
  • more economic opportunities than England and Europe
  • number of businessmen willing to invest their money
  • resentment towards Eng after Revolutionary war
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11
Q

Was England the leading European industrial nation in the 1700s?

A

yes

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12
Q

What was the US’ most valuable invention of the 18th century? Who made it?

A

Eli Whitney, Cotton Gin

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13
Q

What did the Cotton Gin not decrease?

A

demand for slaves in the South

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14
Q

In 1819, what did Jethro Wood develop? What did it replace?

A

iron plow, wooden plow

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15
Q

In 1869, who upgraded Jethro Wood’s iron plow? How did it compare?

A
  • John Deere’s steel plow

- light and efficient

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16
Q

In 1834, what did Cyrus McCormick develop?

A

reaping machine

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17
Q

What did the reaping machine do?

A

speedup process of cutting grain

18
Q

In 1836, what did the threshing machine do and benefit?

A
  • separated grain from chaff

- sped up process

19
Q

The Industrial Revolution began in the US during the administration of which President?

A

Thomas Jefferson

20
Q

Was expansive international trade and commerce SLOW in coming to industry in the US?

A

yes

21
Q

What hindered the US’ trade with Europe?

A
  • war btw Eng and Fra

- Embargo Act of 1807 prevented US ships form sailing to Eng with goods

22
Q

What was the impact of the Embargo of 1807?

A
  • forced Us to become more self-reliant
  • traded internally
  • increased production of American products
23
Q

The cotton gin was the first machine that boosted which revolution in the US?

A

agricultural revolution

24
Q

The iron/steel plow and reaping/threshing machine contributed to which revolution?

A

agricultural revolution

25
Q

Increased manufacturing in the US occurred primarily in which industries?

A
  • textile
  • iron
  • leather
26
Q

When did construction on a national road (to deal with transportation problems) begin in the US?

A

1811

27
Q

What was Cumberland Road? Where is it? What was its initial destination? How wide is it? What is it covered with?

A
  • first national road in US
  • Cumberland, Maryland
  • Wheeling Virginia (now in West Virginia)
  • 30-80 ft
  • crushed rock
28
Q

In 1825, what canal was completed?

A

Erie Canal

29
Q

What did the Erie Canal connect?

A

Lake Erie with NY’s Hudson River

30
Q

The Erie Canal created a direct route from which bodies of water?

A

Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean

31
Q

The cost of shipping grain from Buffalo to NYC dropped from $100 to what?

A

$5 per ton

32
Q

After the Erie Canal, what other canals were built?

A
  • Phil- Pitts
  • Ohio River- Lake Erie
  • Lake Michi- Illinois River
  • Lake Champlain- Hudson River

PIP OLE
MIL CHAPU

33
Q

What did the construction of waterways in the US aid?

A
  • economy
  • travel
  • boosted industry
  • recreation
34
Q

Robert Fulton launched his Clermont for a round trip of how many miles through which places?

A
  • 300 mi

- NYC to Albany

35
Q

What locomotive made their value apparent in the US?

A

Tom Thumb

36
Q

Who invented the Tom Thumb and when?

A

Peter Cooper, 1830

37
Q

How much railroad track was laid in the US at the time of Tom Thumbs invention, 1840, and 1860?

A

T- 30 miles
40- 2800 miles
60- 30,000 miles

38
Q

How many tons of iron and steel were necessary to build a single mile of track?

A

300 tons

39
Q

What was one advantage of the railroad other that speed and efficiency in transportation?

A

boosted iron and steel industries

40
Q

In the early 1800s, what did Francis C. Lowell build?

A

clothing factory in Massachusetts where raw cotton was made into cloth

41
Q

In 1846, what did Elias Howe invent?

A

sewing machine

42
Q

What were the benefits of the sewing machine?

A
  • reduced clothing prices

- sped up process

WORLD HISTORY (83 decks)

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