High Middle Ages: The Byzantine Empire And Other World Powers Flashcards
What led to Byzantine appealing to the Roman pope for help?
Attacks by the Seljuk Turks
What happened in the Fourth Crusade in relation to the decline of the Byzantine Empire?
- Venetian merchants persuaded French Catholic Crusaders to attack Constantinople
- Venetians wanted to destroy Byzantine
- offered wealth to crusaders
When was Constantinople first captured
1204 in the fourth crusade
What did the Christians do when they captured Constantinople?
destroyed documents, art etc.
What did the crusaders set up in Constantinople?
a ‘Latin Empire’
What was the final Byzantine dynasty?
Paleologus dynasty, longest of any Byzantine dynasty
What was the effect of the Black Plague on Constantinople?
- killed two -thirds of the population
- weakened army
Who was the last Byzantine Emperor?
Constantine XI
When did the Byzantine Empire end and by who?
1453 by the Ottoman Turks
What were the three empires that rose in the East while the Byzantine empire was declining and the Middle Ages were transitioning into the Renaissance?
- Ottoman Empire
- Mongol Empire
- Russian Empire
Who were the Ottoman Turks?
Originally a clan who came into the East under the Seljuk Turks
What were the Janissary corps?
- Elite corps of the Ottoman Turks
- consisted of Christian captives
Who were the Mongols?
Asiatic tribe in the Chinese Empire
Who was Genghis Khan
-Great Military Mongol leader that united the Mongolian Tribes
Who were the Tartars?
Armies that were made up of Turks and Mongols
Who was Kublai Khan?
Made Khambalik (modern Beijing) his capital
Who was the last Mongol leader?
Tamerlane, aka Prince of Destruction
Who were the Varangians?
- Vikings that invaded Russia
- named ‘Rus’ by Slavs
Who was the dominant Tribe in the sixth century when Early Russia was constantly being invaded?
Slavs
What was the Golden Horde?
A Mongol state in Russia, it’s capital being Sarai
Who was Alexander Nevski?
One of the first Russian national heroes
Who established Moscow?
- Daniel, Alexander Nevski’s son
- Russian Orthodox Church moved to Moscow
What title was given to rulers of Moscow?
Grand Prince
Who was Ivan III?
- Ivan the Great
- helped make Moscow the strongest state in Russia
- married niece of Constantine XI
- called Moscow a ‘third Rome’
- called himself the first ‘tsar’ (Caesar)
What was Russian art influenced by?
Byzantine art
