U5 L7 Spain (PART 4) Flashcards
Only people who followed which religion could live in Latin America?
Catholics
What church was responsible for presenting the gospel to the Indians?
Catholic church
How many Indians was the Catholic church tasked to convert?
15-20 million
Who are friars?
member of certain religious orders of the Roman Catholic Church
What did friars protect converted Indians from?
harshness of mine and plantation owners
By 1800, how much wealth of Latin America did the church control?
one half
What were the three social classes Latin America was divided into?
1- peninsulares
2-aristocracy/creoles
3- mestizos, mulattos, Indians, and blacks
Who were the peninsulares?
people in important political and military positions appoint by king or Council of Indies
Who were the aristocracy/creoles (in terms of Latin America social class)?
- purely white class
- Spaniards born in New World
Who were the mestizos?
person of Spanish and American Indian descent
Who were mulattos?
person have one white and black parent
What percentage of the population did the peninsulares and aristocracy take up?
19%
What percentage did the mulattos, mestizos, Indians and black take up?
80%
Of the three socials classes, which were the most dissatisfied?
aristocracy/creoles
Why were the aristocracy/creoles dissatisfied?
- although pure Spanish descent
- had no rights because were born in colonie
What were 3 freedom-preaching authors that the Creoles were familiar with?
- Locke
- Voltaire
- Rousseau
What was the first major war after the era of Charles V and Philip II?
Thirty Years War
Where was the Thirty Years war mostly fought in?
Germany
What was one of the reasons for the Thirty Years War concerning Lutheranism?
Catholics converting to Lutheranism were taking their lands with them
When was the Holy roman Empire defeated and the Treaty of Westphalia signed?
1648
What was the most serious outcome of the Thirty Years War?
the blow to the Counter Reformation and Catholic Church
What were the 3 major results of the Thirty Years War?
- all land ownership set to what it was in 1624
- Calvinism receive same rights as Lutheranism
- independent nations proved they can be victorious over organizations like the Holy Roman Empire
Who was the last of the Spanish Hapsburgs? When did he die?
Charles II in 1700
When the War of Spanish Succession began in 1702, which countries were united?
- England
- Dutch Netherlands
- Austria
- Russia
- Germany
Who were the allies in the War of Spanish Succession led by?
General John Churchill of England
What were the results of the War of Spanish Succession?
- Savoy and Hohenzollern royal families recognized
- Philip of France took throne of Spain as Philip V
Spain and France did not unite until when?
1756
When did the American war for independence begin?
1776
