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WORLD HISTORY > Transition: England, The Church, And The Growth Of Islam > Flashcards

Transition: England, The Church, And The Growth Of Islam Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was Alfred the Great?

A
  • The Saxon king of Wessex
  • Considered founder of English kingdom and greatest European ruler after Charlemagne
  • Also a scholar
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2
Q

What was Danelaw?

A
  • arranged by Alfred the Great
  • restricted Danes to North of Thames River and left Southern England under Alfred’s control

NTR LSE

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3
Q

What was Alfred’s government based on?

A
  • Germanic structure

- Alfred had his Witan, which consisted of nobles/earls, and thegns

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4
Q

What was the wergild of a peasant and nobleman?

A

P-200 shillings

N-1200 shillings

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5
Q

Which Latin manuscripts did Alfred the Great order to be translated into Anglo-Saxon?

A
  • Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation
  • Boethius’ Consolation of Philosophy
  • Some books of the Scripture
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6
Q

What was the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle?

A
  • Alfred the Great urged this

- The earliest history of Anglo-Saxons

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7
Q

Who were Edward and Athelstan?

A
  • Alfred’s son and grandson

- powerful leaders

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8
Q

Who was Eric Bloodaxe?

A

Last Viking king of York, killed in 954

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9
Q

Who was Bede?

A
  • Venerable Bede
  • greatest scholars of his time
  • monk
  • wrote Ecclesiastical History of the English People
  • died in 735
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10
Q

What is a fresco?

A

Watercolor paintings done on wet plaster

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11
Q

What is an illuminated manuscript?

A

Manuscript decorated with gold

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12
Q

What is a mosaic?

A

Decoration or picture made of small pieces of stone and glass in a frame

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13
Q

Who are Thanes?

A

A member of a social class including lesser nobles, soldiers, and ministers

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14
Q

When was Beowulf most likely written in?

A

7th or 8th century

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15
Q

What caused the revival of the Byzantine Empire from the 9th to 11th centuries?

A
  • Macedonian kings

- ruled 200 years

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16
Q

Who was the greatest king of the Macedonian dynasty?

A

Basil II

17
Q

Who was Basil II?

A
  • ‘Bulgarian Slayer’ because he devastated the Bulgarian army in 1014 and sent 15000 prisoners blinded
  • Gained the most territory held by the empire since Justinian
18
Q

During Basil II’s reign, what place was the cultural center of the Mediterranean?

A

Constantinople

19
Q

Who were the two missionaries who were sent to Northumbria and Wessex?

A
  • Willibrord of Ripon and Boniface

- famous for conversion of tribesmen in Germanic forests

20
Q

What are the two most famous illuminated manuscripts?

A
  • Book of Kells

- Lindisfarne Gospels

21
Q

When did artistic pieces depicting the life of Christ become a controversy?

A

8th and 9th centuries

22
Q

What did Emperor Leo III do to religious paintings and statues?

A
  • 726

- ordered to be destroyed

23
Q

When was Iconoclasm condemned by the church?

A

787

24
Q

When was there a break between Roman and Eastern churches?

A

1054

25
Q

The peak of Islamic power was reached during which Caliphate?

A

Abbasid Caliphate in 750

26
Q

Where did the Abbasids move their capital?

A

Bagdad in Iraq

27
Q

During which caliph reigns did arts and sciences flourish

A

Harum Al-Rashid and Al-Mamun

28
Q

Why did the decline of Islamic power in the 9th century occur?

A

Increased:

  • foreign soldiers and palace guards made up of Turks
  • attention to luxury than military affairs
29
Q

When was Bagdad captured and by who?

A

Seljuk Turks in 1055

30
Q

Who established the Umayyad Caliphate in Cordoba?

A
  • 756

- Abd ar-Rahman

31
Q

Who often attacked Cordoba?

A

Franks and scattered Spanish Christian groups

32
Q

When did the Caliphate of Cordoba fall?

A

1031

33
Q

What was the Fatimid Caliphate?

A
  • Shi’ites

- ruled Egypt and North Africa

WORLD HISTORY (83 decks)

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