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WORLD HISTORY > U6 L1 English Revolution: Divine Right (Cavaliers) > Flashcards

U6 L1 English Revolution: Divine Right (Cavaliers) Flashcards

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1
Q

Which country led in the age of revolutions?

A

England

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2
Q

What century was the age of absolutism in most countries of Europe?

A

17th century

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3
Q

Why were English kings not as powerful as other European monarchs?

A

because of prominence of Parliament

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4
Q

Although the Tudors acted on the principle of the divine right of kings, what did they NOT do?

A

they did not emphasize it

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5
Q

What is the Parliament?

A

The supreme legislature of Great Britain

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6
Q

What is divine right?

A

King’s belief that his rule is God’s will

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7
Q

Who were the Cavaliers?

A

Supporters of Charles I

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8
Q

Who were the Roundheads?

A

Members of the anti-monarch, pro-Parliament party in England

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9
Q

Who were the Roundheads led by?

A

Oliver Cromwell

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10
Q

Who won the rebellion in England?

A

Roundheads

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11
Q

What government did Oliver Cromwell establish?

A

commonwealth

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12
Q

What is commonwealth

A

govt where sovereignty is given to the people

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13
Q

Which monarchy ruled England in the 1500s?

A

Tudor monarchy

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14
Q

What was the last monarch of the Tudor era?

A

Elizabeth I

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15
Q

Which period was the final chapter in the Renaissance era?

A

Elizabethan period

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16
Q

Who were two famous Englishmen during the Renaissance era?

A

William Shakespeare and Francis Bacon

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17
Q

What is Francis Bacon known for?

A
  • lawyer-philosopher

- his views were aimed at solving human problems

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18
Q

What did Elizabeth I manage to accomplish during her reign?

A
  • avoided war by using friendships with foreign ministers/ambassadors to gain political and international favors
  • Elizabeth architecture produced
  • Britain became naval power after defeating Spanish Armada
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19
Q

What line of English rulers did James I/James VI start?

A

Stuarts

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20
Q

When did James VI of Scotland become James I of England?

A

1603

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21
Q

What was James I/VI’s relationship to Elizabeth I?

A

Elizabeth’s cousin

22
Q

How did the English citizens view James I upon his taking the throne?

A

foreigner who could not empathize with their problems

23
Q

Did James I have a good relationship with Parliament?

A

no

24
Q

Who were the Stuarts?

A

royal family of England, beginning with James I

25
Q

What is a monarchy?

A

govt by a hereditary sovereign with complete control

26
Q

What was the difference between Elizabeth I and James I as rulers of England?

A

E- House of Lords and House of Commons rarely opposed Elizabeth I
J- opposition

E- people knew shortcomings but aware of her love for them and country
J- demanded proposals accepted without explanation to Parl or people

27
Q

How did the economy decline during James I’s rule?

A
  • shift from farming to sheep raising

- increasing inflation in 1600s

28
Q

During James I’s reign, he fought with the people of England and the Parliament over what?

A
  • money
  • religion
  • foreign affairs
29
Q

How did James I obtain funds after Parliament would not grant it?

A
  • selling nobility titles

- pressuring Englishmen to make loans on him

30
Q

How did James I make himself unpopular regarding the German Protestants?

A
  • refused to help German Protestants in 30 years war against Catholics
  • disturbed Puritans
31
Q

Most Englishmen during James I’s reign were of which religion?

A

Protestant

32
Q

What church did the Puritans want to purge?

A

Anglican Church

33
Q

What is Anglican?

A

Church of England or member of Church of England

34
Q

What was one positive accomplishment of James I?

A

translation of Bible (King James Version)

35
Q

What is the King James Version of the Bible also known as?

A

Authorized Version

36
Q

Who succeeded James I and when?

A

Charles I in 1625

37
Q

What unpopular wars involving which countries did Charles I become involved with?

A

France and Spain

38
Q

When Parliament resisted Charles I’s taxation and church policy in 1629, what did he do?

A
  • dissolved Parl

- net 11 years England was ruled without Parliament

39
Q

What did Charles I do when he dissolved the parliament?

A
  • taxed towns
  • levied fines
  • held secret trials without jury
40
Q

Where did Charles I attempt to establish an Anglican church in?

A

Calvinistic scotland

41
Q

What is Calvinist?

A

follower of French theologian, John Calvin

42
Q

When the Scottish retaliated against the Anglican church, what did Charles I call?

A

GHOST BUSTE- no, Parliament, which became the Long Parliament

43
Q

When did the Long Parliament begin and how long did it last?

A

1640, 20 years

44
Q

When did civil war break out between the Long Parliament and Charles I?

A

1642

45
Q

Who did the Cavaliers consist of?

A
  • Anglicans
  • Catholics
  • nobles
  • groups who favored traditional power
46
Q

How did the Cavaliers appear?

A

long, curled hair

47
Q

Who did the Roundheads primarily consist of?

A

Protestants

48
Q

What did the Roundheads want?

A
  • limited monarchy

- less Catholic Anglican church

49
Q

Who were the best organized, militant of the Roundheads, and took lead in opposition to the king?

A

Puritans

50
Q

Who were the Tories?

A
  • Member of English political party succeeding Cavaliers

- wanted strong king

51
Q

Who were the Whigs?

A
  • Members of English political party succeeding roundheads

- wanted power in hands of Parl

WORLD HISTORY (83 decks)

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