Rome: The Empire

Question 1

What is an aqueduct?

Answer 1

An artificial channel for transporting water over large distances

Question 2

What was the structure in which the State conducted their work?

Answer 2

The Forum

Question 3

What is the Colosseum?

Answer 3

• A famous Roman building
• Circuses were held there
• They were bloody affairs where Gladiators fought to the death and Christians were persecuted

Question 4

Who was Cicero?

Answer 4

• A great Roman orator and statesman

- Strong believer of the old Republic and made speeches about it

Question 5

Who was Virgil?

Answer 5

The greatest Roman poet who wrote Aenead

Question 6

Who was Plutarch?

Answer 6

A biographer that wrote about the lives of many famous Greeks and Romans

Question 7

Who was Tacitus?

Answer 7

The greatest Roman Historian who wrote about the fall of Jerusalem in A.D. 70

Question 8

Who was Flavius Josephus?

Answer 8

A Roman historian who also wrote about the fall of Jerusalem

Question 9

Who was Philo?

Answer 9

An Alexandrian Jew that wrote about philosophy that combined Platonic thought and Judaism

Question 10

For how many years did Octavian and Mark Antony rule Rome?

Answer 10

14 years

Question 11

What happened between Octavian and Mark Antony that resulted in Rome changing from a Republic to an Empire?

Answer 11

• The two conspired against each other
• Octavian defeated Mark and Cleopatra
• In 29 B.C. the Senate gave Octavian the title of ‘Augustus Caesar’

Question 12

What was the Pax Romana?

Answer 12

• A two hundred year period of peace between 30 B.C. to 235 A.D.
• Marked by the beginning of Augustus’ rule

Question 13

In which period was Jesus Christ born and Christianity spread?

Answer 13

During the Pax Romana

Question 14

When did Augustus die? What happened after that?

Answer 14

• A.D. 14

- Tiberius, his stepson, became ruler

Question 15

What caused the drastic change in the Roman Empire from Augustus’ death to the fall of the empire?

Answer 15

• Variety of Rulers
• Political and economic conditions
• The beliefs of people

Question 16

From the beginning of the empire until 180 A.D., how many rulers did Rome have?

Answer 16

16 rulers

Question 17

Which four emperors came after Augustus?

Answer 17

(known as the Julio-Claudians)

• Tiberius
• Claudius
• Caligula
• Nero

Question 18

What were the characteristics of three of the four rulers that came after Augustus?

Answer 18

• Tiberius and Claudius were efficient

- Caligula was almost certainly insane

Question 19

Why was Nero well-known?

Answer 19

• Murdered many people including his wife and mother
• Was blamed for starting the fire that burned half of Rome in 64 A.D.
• Persecuted many Christians

Question 20

What was the state of the Empire after Nero’s death?

Answer 20

The empire was precarious

Question 21

Who are the four emperors that ruled in the same year (69 A.D.) after Nero’s death?

Answer 21

• Galba
• Otho
• Vitellius
• Vespasian

Question 22

Who were Antonines (five good emperors)?

Answer 22

(came after the ‘same-year’ emperors in 96 A.D.)

• Titus
• Domitian
• Nerva
• Trajan
• Hadrian

Question 23

Who was Trajan?

Answer 23

• One of the Antonines
• Concentrated his efforts in military gain and extended the empire, resulting in the largest area the Roman Empire would occupy

Question 24

Who was Hadrian?

Answer 24

• One of the Antonines
• strengthened the borders and frontier areas of the Empire
• built the famous Hadrian wall (80 miles/117 km) which runs from coast to coast in north of England
• It was built to prevent attacks from the north

Question 25

Who was Marcus Aurelius?

Answer 25

• Spent many years as a soldier away from Rome defending the frontiers
• Scholar and writer
• wrote a cook called ‘Meditations’
• Stoic Philosopher that taught high idealism and lived a simple life

Question 26

What happened to the Empire after Marcus Aurelius’ death?

Answer 26

The Empire Declined

Question 27

At the height of trade in the Empire, materials were imported from where?

Answer 27

China and India