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WORLD HISTORY > U5 L7 Spain (PART 2) > Flashcards

U5 L7 Spain (PART 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

Spain believed that great wealth could be obtained by doing what?

A

conquering and exploiting people of the New World

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2
Q

Where was Christopher Columbus from?

A

Genoa, Italy

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3
Q

When did Columbus and his crew arrive at Watling Island in the Caribbean Sea?

A

1492

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4
Q

Until the day he died, what did Columbus believe he found?

A

East Indies

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5
Q

What was Ferdinand Magellan’s motive to travel?

A

wanting to circumnavigate the world

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6
Q

Who funded Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition?

A

Spain

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7
Q

How many ships and men did Ferdinand Magellan have at the beginning of his trip?

A

5 ships and 243 men

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8
Q

How many days did Ferdinand Magellan expect his voyage to Spice Islands was going to take? What was the reality?

A

thought- 2-3 days

reality- 80 days

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9
Q

What did the men on Ferdinand Magellan’s voyage survive on when food ran out?

A
  • leather
  • sawdust
  • rats
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10
Q

What did the many sailors on Ferdinand Magellan’s voyage become succumbed with?

A

scurvy

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11
Q

What was the reception Ferdinand and his crew got when they arrived in the Philippines?

A

some crewmen killed because of getting involved with a war with the tribes

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12
Q

By the end of Ferdinand Magellan’s 3 year and 12 day voyage, how many men survived?

A

18

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13
Q

What is Ferdinand Magellan referred to despite dying without completing the journey?

A

first man to circumnavigate the globe

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14
Q

Ferdinand Magellan’s voyage proved what?

A
  • earth is round

- Americas was a New World

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15
Q

What were the two of the most prominent and powerful tribes that Columbus named ‘Indians’?

A
  • Aztecs

- Incas

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16
Q

What were the 4 characteristics of Aztec culture?

A
  • religion
  • agriculture
  • cities
  • widespread trade
17
Q

What were the most important Aztec gods?

A

Tlaloc- rain
Huitzillipochtli- war
Quetzalcoatl- blond god of peace

18
Q

What did the Aztecs sacrifice to their gods?

A

humans and hearts

19
Q

What was the irrigation system of the Aztecs?

A
  • mud piled on lakes to form fertile islands

- corn, beans, avocados

20
Q

What was Tenochtitlan?

A

present day Mexico city

21
Q

Who were the only people who lived in Aztec cities?

A

priests and secular rulers

22
Q

How did Aztec farmers arrange their crops around cities?

A
  • most perishable close to the city, easy transportation

- least perishable far

23
Q

How many ships and men did Hernando Cortes set sail with?

A

11 ships and 653 men

24
Q

What placed did the Aztecs rule?

A
  • Mexico
  • parts of Central America
  • Southern Western US
25
Q

When Cortes arrived at Veracruz, what did the Aztec king do?

A

surrendered peacefully

26
Q

What did the Aztecs think Cortes to be?

A
  • returning Quetzacoatl
  • Aztec legend, god came first as a white bearded mortal to dissuade human sacrifice
  • left on magic raft and would return in One Reed year
27
Q

Who was Montezuma?

A
  • The Fretted One

- last of ruling family Aztec

28
Q

Who was Cuauhtemoc?

A
  • Falling Eagle

- Aztecs chose him over Montezuma

29
Q

How did the One Reed Years occur?

A

irregularly

30
Q

Where was the Incan center of government situated in?

A

Peru section of Andes Mountains

31
Q

How were Incan people classed?

A

age and ability

32
Q

Who was the head of Incan government?

A

emperor

33
Q

Who was Atahualpa?

A

Incan Emperor

34
Q

What was the Machu Picchu?

A
  • mountain fortress

- group that held out for years when Pizarro executed the Incan emperor

35
Q

Why was Francisco Pizarro’s conquest not easy as it seemed?

A
  • high mountains, breathing difficult
  • mosquitos
  • men had fever, starvation and insect bites
  • little funding from Spain
36
Q

What did Pizarro come to regret?

A

iconoclasm of Incan culture

37
Q

What is iconoclasm?

A
  • attacking beliefs or traditional institutions

- whether based on error or superstition

WORLD HISTORY (83 decks)

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