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WORLD HISTORY > U4 L6 The Reformation: Wycliffe, Huss, And Luther > Flashcards

U4 L6 The Reformation: Wycliffe, Huss, And Luther Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Reformation?

A

16-17 cent religious and political movement that spread in Western Europe

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2
Q

What is a Papal Bull?

A

official statement issued by the pope

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3
Q

What was the Unam Sanctum?

A
  • papal bull

- stated that pope was head of church and state

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4
Q

What is nepotism?

A

granting position or appointments to relatives

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5
Q

What is simony?

A

buying and selling of church positions

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6
Q

What did John Wycliffe contribute to the reformation?

A
  • denounced clerical abuses
  • questioned papal authority
  • denied right of a ruler to demand obedience and claim it was God’s will
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7
Q

Who was Wycliffe sponsored by?

A

John Gaunt

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8
Q

What did the Papal schism of 1378 produce?

A
  • two rival popes

- French cardinals chose a French pope because they disliked the the Italian pope

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9
Q

What was Wycliffe’s view on the Bible?

A

only measure for Christian conduct

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10
Q

What was Wycliffe’s main contribution?

A

he and his followers translated Bible into English

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11
Q

What happened when Wycliffe became a revolutionary?

A
  • lost supporters

- people wanted changes but not an overthrow of the church

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12
Q

What were Wycliffe’s followers known as?

A

Lollards

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13
Q

What was Wycliffe known as?

A

Morning star of the Reformation

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14
Q

Who spread Wycliffe’s influences in Bohemia?

A

John Huss

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15
Q

What did Huss attack?

A

Church offices, not sacraments

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16
Q

How was the Papal schism compounded in 1409?

A

Third pope denounced the other two and claimed papal authority

17
Q

Who did Huss influence?

A

Martin Luther

18
Q

After the death of Huss, what did his followers establish?

A
  • Unity of Brethren/ Moravian Church

- called first Protestant church

19
Q

What was Martin Luther’s background?

A
  • educated to believe only God had powers to save man
  • not exposed to humanistic ideas
  • nearly killed by lighting!?!?!?!?
20
Q

Was it common for ideas to be discussed an debates publicly in this time?

A

Yes

21
Q

If someone had a proposal that he wanted to see debated, what would they do?

A

post their thesis to the public

22
Q

What were the Ninety-Five Theses?

A
  • Oct 31, 1517

- Martin Luther nailed his proposals on the Wittenberg church door

23
Q

What was one idea that was expressed in the Ninety-Five Theses?

A

Popes could not forgive sinners, but was only God’s representative

24
Q

What were the effects of Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses?

A
  • Germany got involved
  • Theses were translated into German
  • People stopped buying indulgences
25
Q

What did Luther dispute when the papal council called him in 1519?

A
  • believers should partake the Lord’s Supper
  • service shouldn’t only be in Latin
  • number of sacraments is two: Supper and baptism
  • marriage was not a sacrament
  • sacraments included rites belonging only to Christians
26
Q

Who supported and opposed Luther?

A

S- Fredrick the Wise

O- Charles V

27
Q

What was the Diet of Worms in 1521?

A
  • Luther was tried

- He refused to deny his beliefs

28
Q

What did Luther do when he was disguised as a knight in Wartburg castle?

A

translated Bible into German

29
Q

What were Luther’s followers known as?

A

Protestant

30
Q

What did the Protestants do?

A
  • simplified German church services
  • omitted mass
  • eliminated monastic orders
31
Q

What was the Augsburg Confession of 1530?

A

set forth Lutheran doctrines

32
Q

By the mid-16 cent which countries had become Lutheran and remained Catholic?

A

L- Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Northern Germany (DENO SWEG)

C- Southern Germany

33
Q

What was the Peace of Augsburg in 1555?

A
  • ended war between Charles V and Lutherans

- German princes could make religious choices for their state

34
Q

What was the result of the religious differences and political differences in Germany?

A

prevented rise of strong national state of Germany

WORLD HISTORY (83 decks)

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