High Middle Ages: Monarchies And The Church

Question 1

What were the line of kings that came after the Carolingian Empire?

Answer 1

Capetian Kings

Question 2

Who was the FIRST Capetian King?

Answer 2

Hugh Capet, the Count of Paris

Question 3

Who was the first STRONG Capetian King?

Answer 3

Louis VI ( Louis the Fat
-gained control over  lle de France, area around Paris, and established it as center of royal law

Question 4

Who was Philip II?

Answer 4

• Philip Augustus
• grandson of Louis VI
• founded University of Paris
• 1200, began construction of the Louvre, palace of French Kings

Question 5

Who was Louis IX?

Answer 5

• St. Louis
• famous for judicial reforms that gave equal justice to rich and poor
• led 7th and 8th Crusades

Question 6

When did the Capetian dynasty end?

Answer 6

1328

Question 7

What caused the Hundred Years war?

Answer 7

• After the end of Capetians
• House of Valois and Philip VI were like ‘that throne is mine!’
• But then Edward III of England was like ‘ohohoho no big boy’

Question 8

Who fought in the Hundred Years War?

Answer 8

France and England

Question 9

Who was Joan of Arc?

Answer 9

• young girl
• led an army in Orleans to insure the coronation of Charles VII
• burned at stake

Question 10

Who won the Hundred Years War?

Answer 10

France in 1453

Question 11

Who was Canute (Cnut)?

Answer 11

• Danish King who had a peaceful rule from 1016 to 1035

- But his sons were big bad

Question 12

What was the Battle of Hastings?

Answer 12

• 1066
• Harold was king of England, but William was like ‘wait that’s illegal’ and successfully invaded England to kick his arse out of the throne

Question 13

Who was William?

Answer 13

• Duke of Normandy
• 1066 to 1087
• brought feudal system to England
• used Anglo-saxon legal and military systems

Question 14

Who were the Plantagenets?

Answer 14

Kings that came after Capetians and William

Question 15

Who was Henry II?

Answer 15

• first Plantagenet King

- called one of England’s greatest kings because of judicial reforms

Question 16

English common law became the basis what?

Answer 16

most of US law and legal procedures

Question 17

Why did Henry II have difficulty with the church?

Answer 17

• attempted to put clergy under common law

- legal reforms interfered with church court system

Question 18

Who was Richard the Lionhearted?

Answer 18

spent many years fighting in The Hundred Years war and little affect as king or England

Question 19

Who was John?

Answer 19

evil brother of Richard the Lionhearted

Question 20

What was John forced to sign?

Answer 20

• 1215

- Magna Carta

Question 21

What is the Magna Carta?

Answer 21

document which protected feudal rights and that the king was under the law

Question 22

Who were the Plantagenet kings following John responsible for?

Answer 22

formation of English Parliament

Question 23

Who was the first king to use Parliament effectively?

Answer 23

Edward I

Question 24

Who made up the House of Commons and House of Lords?

Answer 24

C- knights and burgesses

L-nobles

Question 25

Who were the last three Plantagenet kings?

Answer 25

- Edward II - Edward III - Richard II (only 10 when he took the throne)

Question 26

What led to Richard II being unpopular?

Answer 26

- costs of war - Peasants Revolt of 1381 - seizure of John Gaunt's lands

Question 27

Who was Henry of Bolingbroke?

Answer 27

Henry IV, and first king of the House of Lancaster

Question 28

What caused the Wars of the Roses?

Answer 28

Henry VI's (son of Henry V) weak reign

Question 29

What was the Wars of the Roses?

Answer 29

- 30 years war - 1455-1485 - between House of Lancaster (Red Rose) and House of York (White Rose)

Question 30

How did the Wars of Roses end?

Answer 30

Henry Tudor (Lancaster side) defeated Richard III in the battle of Bosworth Field

Question 31

Who was Henry Tudor?

Answer 31

- became Henry VII | - began reign of Tudor Kings

Question 32

After the last Carolingian king of east Frankland died, into how many parts was Germany split?

Answer 32

four duchies

Question 33

Who was Otto the Great?

Answer 33

first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

Question 34

Who was Fredrick Barbarossa?

Answer 34

- redbeard | - first of the Hohenstaufen dynasty

Question 35

What was the significance of the Umayyad Kingdom of Cordoba?

Answer 35

- center of culture and power in Spain from 8th to 11th century - 10th century, intellectual center of Europe

Question 36

What was the Reconquista?

Answer 36

Christian reconquest of Spain from the Muslims

Question 37

Who was El Cid?

Answer 37

- Rodrigo Diaz | - hero of Spanish conquest

Question 38

What were the seven sacraments that the Roman Catholics believed in?

Answer 38

``` Baptism Confirmation Penance Holy Eucharist (Lord's Supper) Matrimony (marriage) Holy Orders Extreme Unction ``` BC PHe MaHE

Question 39

What was the Truce of God?

Answer 39

document that did not allow fighting on religious seasons and certain days of the week

Question 40

What was Cluny?

Answer 40

A reformed monastery that had monks that rejected the feudal system

Question 41

What was the mendicant orders?

Answer 41

members of monastic orders took vows of poverty and could not own property

Question 42

Who was Francis of Assisi and Dominic?

Answer 42

both begun mendicant orders F- Franciscans D-Dominicans

Question 43

Who was Pope Innocent III?

Answer 43

Gained political victories over Philip of France and King John of England

Question 44

What was the Avignon Captivity?

Answer 44

French popes that ruled Avignon

Question 45

What was the Great Schism?

Answer 45

Era when the church was ruled by two rival popes

Question 46

Who wrote Summa Theologica?

Answer 46

St. Thomas Aquinas

Question 47

What was Scholasticisam?

Answer 47

- religious philosophy | - applied Aristotle's teachings to church

Question 48

What were the Crusades?

Answer 48

Eight Catholic Crusades to remove Muslim's from the Holy Land

Question 49

What were the chivalric and monastic orders of knights that the Crusades were responsible for?

Answer 49

- Knights Templars - Teutonic Knights - Knights Hospitalers

Question 50

What was the People's Crusade?

Answer 50

- First Crusade in 1096 - Jews were killed - Led by Peter the Hermit

Question 51

What was the Children's Crusade?

Answer 51

- disaster | - families lost children