U4 L5 Changes In Literature And Thought

Question 1

What is a poet laureate?

Answer 1

A court poet

Question 2

What is Humanities?

Answer 2

Cultural studies including language, philosophy and art

Question 3

What is Neoplatonism?

Answer 3

Philosophical and reiligous system based on Plato’s writings and elements of Christianity

Question 4

What was Petrarch called?

Answer 4

• Father of Humanism

- First ‘modern man’ because his methods differed from medieval scholars

Question 5

What is Petrarch known for?

Answer 5

• tried to spread interest in studying classics
• encouraged Boccaccio to translate the Iliad to Latin
• wrote 300 love sonnets
• first modern poet lautreate

Question 6

What is Boccaccio known for?

Answer 6

• first psychological novel
• writings were pagan and romantic
• provided models for Chaucer’s tales
• Decameron

Question 7

What is Marsilio Ficino known for?

Answer 7

• first used term ‘platonic love’ (love leading to God)

- combined Christianity elements with Plato concepts= Neoplatonism

Question 8

What is Niccolo Machiavelli known for?

Answer 8

• wrote ‘The Prince’, encouraged unethical tactics
• ‘the end justifies the means’
• considered father of modern political science

Question 9

What was The Autobiography of Benvenuto Cellini about?

Answer 9

Cellini, who was burned for agreeing with Copernicus and Galileo that the sun was at the center

Question 10

What is Christian Humanism?

Answer 10

• A movement in northern Europe
• Study of humanities from a Christian point of view
• attempted to restore purity to Christianity

Question 11

Who was Erasmus?

Answer 11

• greatest scholar of Europe

- former Augustinian monk

Question 12

What was one of Erasmus’ work, and what was it about?

Answer 12

• The Praise of Folly
• satire
• ridiculed man’s interest in war and church’s sale of indulgences

Question 13

Who were some French writer of the Renaissance?

Answer 13

Francois Villon- transitional part of 15th cent
Pierre de Ronsard- chief poet of French renaissance
Joacin de Bellay
Francois Rabelais

Question 14

What is Francois Rabelais known for?

Answer 14

• Franciscan and Benedictine monk
• Christian humanist
• wrote satires on medieval institutions and beliefs
• believed in benefits of education

Question 15

What is Montaigne known for?

Answer 15

• French scholar
• developed personal essay as literary form
• ‘Essays’ influenced later writers

Question 16

Who were two English writers that wrote about idealized worlds? Which work of theirs displayed it?

Answer 16

Sir Thomas More- Utopia

Francis Bacon- The New Atlantis

Question 17

Who are 3 Elizabethan poets?

Answer 17

• Sir Philip Sidney
• Edmund Spenser
• Michael Drayton

SiPSi EdSpe MiDray

Question 18

English drama achieved prominence with the works of who?

Answer 18

Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare (greatest literary figure in English language and wrote 38 plays)

Question 19

Who is Ben Jonson?

Answer 19

• Neoclassicist

- wrote in a Greek style

Question 20

What is ben Jonson known for?

Answer 20

• writing satiric comedies

- ‘Song to Celia’ is his most famous lyric poem

Question 21

Who is Lope de Vega?

Answer 21

• Spanish dramatist

- served in Armada, a priest and government member

Question 22

What is Lope de Vega known for?

Answer 22

Cape y Espada (cloak and sword)

Question 23

Who is Miguel de Cervantes and what is he known for?

Answer 23

• outstanding contributor to Spanish literature

- ‘Don Quixote’, satire about chivalry

Question 24

When and what was the earliest printing press used in Europe?

Answer 24

• before 15th century

- carved wooden blocks

Question 25

Who is credited with the invention of the movable type?

Answer 25

• Johann Gutenberg

- used it to publish a Bible in 1456

Question 26

Where was paper devised, manufactured and exported by? And why did printers begin to use it?

Answer 26

• devised in China
• manufactured and exported by Muslims

-inexpensive substitute for parchment

Question 27

What were the effects of Gutenberg’s printer?

Answer 27

• before it took 6 months to copy a book by hand
• were expensive
• but now books were more available and literacy rates and learning increased