U5 L4 American Revolution: British Background

Question 1

The road to revolution in America began with the establishment of what? And when?

Answer 1

first English colony in Jamestown, 1607

Question 2

How did the French and Indian War benefit the American colonists?

Answer 2

• received valuable training
• fight in manner of Indians
• battle field tactics
• training as officers

Question 3

When and where did the American revolution begin?

Answer 3

May 15, 1775, Lexington

Question 4

When and where did the American revolution end?

Answer 4

English surrender at Yorktown, 1781

Question 5

The foundation of the US was laid in which two important documents?

Answer 5

• Declaration of Independence

- Constitution

Question 6

When was the Declaration of Independence signed?

Answer 6

1776

Question 7

When was the Constitution enacted?

Answer 7

1789

Question 8

How many colonies did England establish in America by 1750?

Answer 8

thirteen

Question 9

Who were MOST/MANY American colonies founded by?

Answer 9

private English citizens

Question 10

What did the (Royal) Charters issued by the king provide?

Answer 10

• stockholders, companies or proprietors authority to govern
• entitled owners to profits earned
• colonists same rights as Englishmen

Question 11

Who were American colonies founded by? (IN GENERAL)

Answer 11

• companies
• proprietors
• wealthy Englishmen

Question 12

What are 3 reasons English people were interested in moving to America?

Answer 12

• upheaval between Stuarts and Parliament
• religious conflict btw Anglicans, Puritans, and Catholics
• poor economic conditions

Question 13

Colonists were mainly of which class seeking economic betterment or religious freedom?

Answer 13

middle and lower class

Question 14

What was life like for newcomers in America?

Answer 14

• difficult and dangerous
• had to clear lands for homes, farms, gardens
• time short for growing food
• harsh winters
• Indians not always friendly
• resented foreigners taking grounds

Question 15

By the middle of the 18th century, what did each colony have in terms of government?

Answer 15

• governor
• advisory council to governor
• assembly, voice for people

Question 16

England interfering and regulating America’s economy began under whose rule?

Answer 16

Oliver Cromwell

Question 17

With Cromwell enforcing mercantilism, what did it insist?

Answer 17

• colony should help mother country with raw materials and manufactured goods
• colony should buy manufactured goods from mother country
• mother country discouraged buying and selling with other countries without approval

Question 18

What was the Navigation Acts?

Answer 18

English trade laws

Question 19

What was the Navigation Acts based on?

Answer 19

Mercantilism

Question 20

What did the Navigation Acts state?

Answer 20

• products shipped to colonies had to be transported by English ships/crews
• large amount of colonial products could only be sold in Great Britain, discouraging business men from manufacturing goods
• goods sold to colonies from other Euro countries first had to be inspected and taxed in England

Question 21

Who enforced the Navigation Acts/trade laws?

Answer 21

English officials called revenue agents

Question 22

What was the Writ of Assistance?

Answer 22

allows English to search anywhere, anytime without safeguards against abuse

Question 23

Who are proprietors?

Answer 23

Person given right to full administrative power over a territory under royal grant

Question 24

Who were threats to England’s American territories and where were they situated?

Answer 24

France: Canada, Ohio river valley
Spain: Florida

Question 25

Who fought alongside the French in the Seven Years War/French and Indian War?

Answer 25

Indian tribes

Question 26

When were the French defeated in the Battle of Quebec?

Answer 26

1759

Question 27

Who were the two generals who fought in the Battle of Quebec?

Answer 27

Eng: General Wolfe
Fra: General Montcalm

Question 28

By the terms of the Treaty of Paris, what land did Britain/England receive?

Answer 28

• Canada and Ohio River Valley from France
• Florida from Spain
• east land of Mississippi River

Question 29

Who led the Indian uprising in 1763?

Answer 29

Ottawa chief, Pontiac

Question 30

Who were militia?

Answer 30

citizens enrolled in the military, called for emergencies

Question 31

What did the British resent about their American colonies after the Seven Years War?

Answer 31

• poor backing in fighting France

- colonial govt continued to trade with France during war

Question 32

When did King George III ascend the English throne?

Answer 32

1760

Question 33

What did George III demand the colonies to obey?

Answer 33

Navigation Acts

Question 34

What was the Stamp Act? When was it enacted and what did it require?

Answer 34

• 1765
• controversial
• British tax stamps be placed on documents when tax was paid

Question 35

When was the Stamp Act repealed

Answer 35

year after its enacting

Question 36

When did the Boston Tea Party Take place?

Answer 36

December 16, 1773

Question 37

What happened in the Boston Tea Party?

Answer 37

• colonists disguised as Indians
• boarded Eng ship in Boston harbor
• dumped 342 chests of tea to protest tax on it

Question 38

When did the First Continental Congress happen?

Answer 38

September 5, 1774

Question 39

Where did the First Continental Congress happen, and what was discussed?

Answer 39

• Philadelphia

- situation btw colonies and Great Britain

Question 40

What was the First Continental Congress?

Answer 40

first official meeting of all American colonies