U4 L1 Renaissance Government: France And England (PART 1) Flashcards
What are the four changes that occurred in the Renaissance?
- Govt of Western Europe
- Arts
- Literature and Thought
- Science
What were some famous Renaissance artists?
- Michelangelo
- Leonardo Da Vinci
- Raphael
Who were the two people who were significant in leading the Italian Renaissance movement in literature?
Petrarch and Boccaccio
Who were some famous Renaissance scientists?
- Roger Bacon: experimentation as scientific technique
- Newton: gravity
- Leonardo da Vinci
- Copernicus
- Galileo
- Kepler
What was the feudal system gradually replaced by?
commerce
What was the Treaty of Paris?
- 1259
- established between Louis IX of France and Henry III of England
What did the Treaty of Paris do?
- It established the basis of the relationship between FR and ENG
- Territory of the FR was controlled by ENG, which angered the FR
What were the factors that led to the Hundred Years War?
- Philip VI and Edward III both claiming the FR throne
- ENG possession of FR land
- FR alliance with Scotland against ENG
- ENG trade with Flanders
How did Flanders come in between France’s and England’s conflict?
- Flanders was a center for weaving cloth
- France claimed to be an ally with them but the Flemish did not really support this
- Because England provided wool and France and the count tried to restrict trade with them
- But the weavers overthrew the count and allied with England
What was the land of Aquitaine? And how did it get involved with France’s and England’s conflict?
- ENG duchy that was also a trade center
- disputes between FR and ENG Sailors made Philip VI take Aquitaine
What was the Battle of Crecy?
- 1346
- French defeated
What were the conditions in France before 1364?
- military devastation
- weak government
- Black death weakened the country
What was the Treaty of Calais, and how did the French people react to it?
- 1360
- brought apparent end to war
- restored ENG control over FR territories, therefore the FR did not like this
Who was Charles V?
(Charles the wise) came after King John in 1364
What were the significant contributions that Charles V made?
- elimination of Govt corruption
- establishment of FR as a strong nation
- tax structure bringing in more money many than any European power
- war effort was renewed in 1369
- Bertrand Du Guesclin led the FR and they were also aided by the Spanish
When did Charles and General Du Guesclin die? And who took the throne after? Was there peace?
1380, Charles VI (the Mad), and as always Chaos ensued
What brought out a 30 year period of peace between England and France after 1380?
- 1394, FR and ENG signed a truce
- 1396, Richard II (Eng) married the daughter of Charles VI (Fr)
During the 30 year peace, who were the two contenders for power in France?
Philip the Bold: Duke of Burgundy, uncle of Charles VI
Louis: Duke of Orleans, brother of Charles VI
When was the Treaty of Troyes signed? And what was the condition of France when it happened?
- 1420
- FR was a divided country
Who was Joan of Arc?
- girl from Domremy
- helped Charles VII to be crowned king of FR
- Accompanied troops in Orleans and defeated the English in Loire
When and where was Charles VII crowned?
1429 at Rhiems
When and by who was Joan of Arc captured? And when did she die?
- 1430 by the ENG
- Tried as a witch and heretic
- burned at stake in 1431
What happened after Joan of Arc’s death?
1436
- capital and most of FR was restored to Charles VII (now known as the Well Served)
- FR emerged from the Hundred Years War as a national power
Who was Louis XI?
- 1461, succeeded Charles VII
- Used to get things his way by whatever means (poison, bribery etc.)
Who did Louis XI defeat and which land did he seize?
- Charles the Bold
- Seized Burgundy
By the end of the 15th century, what was the condition of France?
- became a strong monarchy
- centralized administration
- controlled judicial system
- nobility played a secondary role to the king, but bourgeoisie rose in importance
