U5 L2 English Revolution: Divine Right (Roundheads) Flashcards
Who did the Puritans follow?
John Calvin
What activities were considered sinful by the Calvinists?
- dancing
- playing cards
- participating in games
- attending theater
What rituals did the Calvinists oppose?
- making sign of the cross
- kneeling at communion
- clergy wearing robes
What were the 3 groups the Puritan movement was divided into?
- Presbyterians
- Puritans
- Separatists/Independents/Congregationalists
Who were the Presbyterians and what did they want?
- Calvinists
- state-supported church without bishops
- district/national organization allowed
- but each local congregation would elect its own presbyters/elders
Who were the Puritans and what did they want?
- Calvinists
- remain in Church of England
- eliminate/purify ceremonies, doctrines, rituals from Roman Catholicism
Who were the Separatists/Independents/Congregationalists and what did they want?
- Calvinists
- believed each congregation should have right to choose own minister and make own rules
- remain separate from any other congregation
What group were the Pilgrims who came to America?
Separatists
The Calvinists in Britain were usually part of which class?
growing middle class
Before Cromwell took over, many Calvinists belonged to the govt as members of what?
House of Commons
What were Oliver Cromwell’s troops called?
ironsides
How trained were the Cavaliers?
poorly trained
What did the Roundheads often sing as they entered battle?
hymns and Psalms
What is the name of a hymn the Roundheads probably sung in battle?
A Mighty Fortress Is Our God
What did the Pride’s Purge drive out of the Parliament?
Anglicans and Presbyterians
Why was the driving of Anglicans and Presbyterians out of Parliament called Pride’s Purge?
soldiers enforcing action were led by Colonel Pride
What was abolished by the new Rump Parliament?
House of Lords and the Monarchy
When was Charles I beheaded?
1649
What did Oliver Cromwell do in 1653?
- dismissed Parliament
- abolished commonwealth
- named Lord Protector of country
What type of Puritan was Cromwell?
Separatist Puritan
Which countries came to hate Oliver Cromwell?
Scotland and Ireland
Although Oliver Cromwell was respected, why was he not a popular English Ruler?
because of his harsh methods and hard ways
What were some positive attributes of Oliver Cromwell?
- trustworthy
- excellent public speaker
- able statesman
- wanted his govt to help the English by improving manufacturing and trade
When did Oliver Cromwell die?
1658
Who succeeded Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector?
Richard, his son
Was Richard equal to Cromwell, and what happened to him?
- no
- overthrown by military
When did the new Parliament invite a new king of England, and who was it?
1660, Charles I’s son, Charles II
