U7 L1 England: Sparks of Preparation Flashcards
Before the mid-1700s, was the lifestyle of Europe complex or simple?
simple
What is capitalism?
- economic system
- private ownership
- distributing goods in competitive free market
What is free enterprise?
- freedom of private business to operate for a profit competitively
- without govt intervention
What is industrialism?
- social organization
- industries, especially the large ones, are dominant
What is sequestered?
withdrawn or secluded
Where and when did the Industrial Revolution originate?
England, 1750s
Was the Middle Ages in Europe known for creative and visionary ideas?
no
During the Middle Ages, what did monks do in monasteries?
- work
- prayed
- studied
- lived secluded lifestyle
What inadvertently became the models for factories developed in the Industrial Revolution?
Catholic centers or Monasteries
What patterns did monasteries establish for helping the industry?
- strict discipline
- specific work responsibilities
In 1095, Pope Urban II of Rome launched a military movement against who? What did this become the first of?
- Muslims in Palestine
- Crusades
What did the Crusades do that sparked the industrial age?
interest in-
- prosperity and productivity
- trade
- business
- travel
What types of people passed through the wealthy areas of the Eastern Byzantine Empire?
- Italians
- Germans
- French
- English
- other Crusaders
Where did many Italian merchants settle in during the crusades?
Constantinople
When did the bankers and merchants flourish in Europe?
end of Middle Ages and through the Renaissance
The profit motive was the driving force in nations that supported which system?
free enterprise system
What is profit motive?
investing at a risk for financial gain
How were English farmers affected by the rise of industrialism?
- driven out of land
- tried to find work in urban areas
How were Irish families affected by the rise of industrialism?
- left homeland to seek better life in England’s cities
- bc of poverty and lack of opportunities
What did England have that helped them transition into the Industrial Revolution?
- strong work force
- English merchants/businessmen had money and materials to risk in investments
- raw materials (coal, iron)
- good transportation
What was the first book to be printed on Gutenberg’s press?
The Bible
Who created the Gutenberg press?
John Gutenberg
What did the Gutenberg press use to print material?
movable type
What were the positive effects of Gutenberg’s press?
- less labor
- quicker printing
