U4 L10 Reform Within the Catholic Church Flashcards
What were the three major areas of church reform?
- influence of Cardinal Jimena de Cisneros in Spain
- Jesuit Society of Ignatius Loyola, Spain
- decisions of the Council of Trent
Who was Cardinal Cisneros?
Franciscan and Spanish figure for church reform
Where was Cisneros’ first public office?
As Queen Isabella’s confessor
When did Cisneros become Archbishop of Toledo?
1495
What type of life did Cisneros lead?
simple life
In which original languages did Cisneros print the first edition of the Bible?
- Hebrew Old Testament
- Greek New Testament
What was Cisneros’ Bible called?
Complutensian Polyglot
C-Latin name of town it was printed
P-more than one language
After Queen Isabella died, who did Cisneros work with?
Ferdinand and Philip of Burgundy
Where did Ferdinand’s son succeeded to the throne of?
Castile
When did Philip die?
1506
When was Cisneros appointed a cardinal?
1507
When did Cisneros die?
1517
When was Spain a center for Catholicism and was the strongest European military power?
16th century
Who was the founder of The Society of Jesus?
Ignatius of Loyola
What was the initial name for The Society of Jesus and when and who established it?
- 1534
- Company of Jesus
- Loyola, nine others, including Francis Xavier
When did Pope Paul III approve Loyola’s order, and what was its name changed to?
- 1540
- The Society of Jesus
What was the members of The Society of Jesus Called?
Jesuits
What vows did the Jesuits take?
- Chastity
- Obedience
- Poverty
What were the values a person should have to be a member of the Society of Jesus?
- intelligent
- educated
- physically fit
- of strong character
Who did the Jesuits spread Catholicism among?
- Infidels
- Protestants
- Catholics strayed from basic beliefs
When was the Council of Trent made and why?
- 1545 by Charles V
- to deal with Lutheran Protestants
How often did the Council of Trent meet?
intermittently for 18 years
What did the Council of Trent fail to provide?
An answer to the problem with Lutherans
What were the 4 decrees of the Council of Trent?
- remove Church abuses
- provide for more clerical discipline
- reaffirm sacraments
- provide system for educating clergy
What was one of the most important results of the Council of Trent?
tended to unify Catholic Church and encourage clergy
What were the three methods used by the Catholic church to enforce Catholic principles and restrict Protestant spread?
- Concordats
- Index
- Inquisition
What were Concordats?
- agreements made with Catholic European rules
- they were given freedom form papal controls if they supported Catholicism rather than Protestantism
Who drew up the Index?
Pope Paul IV
What was the Index?
- list of books Catholics were not allowed to read
- The College of Cardinals used it effectively
When was the Inquisition established and why?
13th cent to deal with heretics
How was the Inquisition used in the later centuries?
identifying, judging, and punishing anyone Catholic or Protestant who was a trouble to the church
Why did the Spanish Inquisition become notorious?
employed tactics:
- spying
- torture
- execution
