C7 - The unilocular stomach, blood supply and innervation

Question 1

The unilocular stomach

1. Structures to mention
2. Draw the unilocular stomach of ca, eq and sus

Answer 1

• Facies parietalis (Faces abdominal wall and liver)
• Facies visceralis (Faces intestines)
• Curvatura ventriculi major
• Curvatura ventriculi minor
  
  • Incisura angularis (Notch on curvatura minor between corpus venriculi and pars pylorica)
• Glandulae cardiacae
• Glandulae gastricae propriae
• Glandulae pyloricae
• Pars nonglandularis
• Pars cardiaca (Region around the esophageal opening)
  
  • M. sphincter cardiae
• Incisura cardiaca (Between esophagus and fundus)
• Fundus ventriculi (Blind sac on the left of the cardiac part. Lined by gastric glands (ø su - cardiac glands, ø eq - non-glandular))
  
  • Saccus caecus ventriculi (eq) (Blind sac)
  • Diverticulum ventriculi (su) (Flattened conical pouch of the fundus, projects caudally and to the right and is lined by cardiac glands)
  • Margo plicatus (su, eq)
• Corpus ventriculi (Between fundus and pars pylorica)
  
  • Sulcus ventriculi (Extends along the inside of curvatura minor from the cardiac orifice to the pylorus)
  • Plicae gastricae
• Pars pylorica (Between incisura angularis and pylorus)
  
  • Antrum pyloricum (First, wider portion of pars pylorica)
  • Canalis pyloricus (Second, short, narrow segment of pars pylorica, just before the pylorius)
• Pylorus (Distal constriction of the stomach containing the sphincter)
  
  • Ostium pyloricum (Opening between the stomach → duodenum
  • Torus pyloricus (su, Ru) (Protuberance in the pylorus formed by the circular muscle at the end of curvatura minor)
  • M. sphincter pylori

Question 2

Give the composition of the stomach wall

Answer 2

1. External peritoneum
2. 3 layers of smooth muscles:
   
   1. ​External oblique fibers
   2. Circular muscle layer
   3. Inernal oblique fibers
3. Thin submucosa
4. Plexiform muscularis mucosae
5. Mucosa proper (gastic glands)

Question 3

The unilocular stomach

Give the suspension

Answer 3

• Omentum major (Curvatura major → colon transversum)​
• Omentum minor (Curvatura minor → liver)
• Bursa omentalis (Recessus caudalis & vestibulum omentale)
• For. epiploicum (Connection between omentum minor → omentum major)
  
  • Borders of the foramen:
    
    • Proc. caudatus of the liver
    • Vena porta
    • Vena cava caudalis

Question 4

The unilocular stomach

Give the interspecies differences

Answer 4

• Fundus ventriculi:
  
  • Saccus caecus ventriculi (eq)
  • Diverticulum ventriculi (sus)
  • Margo plicatus (sus, eq)
• Pylorus:
  
  • Torus pyloricus (sus, ru)

Question 5

Blood supply

1. List the blood vessels in dog
2. Draw the blood supply in dog

Answer 5

Dog:

• A. coeliaca
  
  • ​A. gastrica sinistra (→ stomach, curvatura minor)
  • A. lienalis (→ spleen)
    
    • ​A. gastroepiploica sinistra
  • A. hepatica
    
    • ​Aa. hepaticae
      
      • ​A. gastroduodenalis (→ stomach, duodenum)
        
        • ​A. gastrica dextra
        • A. gastroepiploica dextra
        • A. pancreatoduodenalis cranialis
• Veins runs parallel to the areries and join the v. portae

Question 6

Innervation

Answer 6

• Parasympathetic fibers from truncus vagalis
• Sympathetic fibers reach the organ with the arteries
• The vagal part stimulates gastric secretion