A3 - Os temporale and os parietale

Question 1

What is the cranium formed by?

Answer 1

• Roof:
  
  • Os interparietale
  • Os parietale
  • Os frontale
• Lateral walls on each side:
  
  • Os temporale
• Floor:
  
  • _​_Os sphenoidale
    
    • Os praesphenoidale
    • Os basisphenoidale
  • Os occipitale, pars basilaris
• Nuchal wall:
  
  • _​_Os occipitale, pars squamosa
  • Os occipitale, pars lateralis
• Nasal wall:
  
  • _​_Os ethmoidale

Question 2

Os temporale

What can os temporale be divided into?

Answer 2

• Pars petrosa
• Pars tympanica
• Pars squamosa

Question 3

Os temporale

Pars petrosa

1. Structures to mention
2. Draw pars petrosa

Answer 3

• Processus mastoideus (Ø su)
• Canalis facialis
  
  • Geniculum canalis facialis
• Canaliculus chordae tympani
• Impressio n. trigemini (Ø ca)
• Canalis n. trigemini (ca)
• Crista partis petrosae (eq, ca)
• Porus acusticus internus
  
  • Introitus canalis facialis
  • Arae cochleae
  • Area vestibularis dorsalis
  • Area vestibularis ventralis
• Meatus acusticus internus
• Fossa cerebellaris
• Fossa subarcuata (ca)
• Aqueductus vestibuli
  
  • Apertura externa aqueductus vestibuli
• Canaliculus cochleae
  
  • Apertura externa canalis cochleae
• Processus styloideus (eq, bo)
• Foramen stylomastoideum
• Cavum tympani
  
  • Epitympanium
  • Mesotympanium
  • Hypotympanium [= bulla tympani]
• Fissura petrotympanica

Question 4

Os temporale

Pars tympanica

1. Structures to mention
2. Draw pars tympanica

Answer 4

• Meatus acusticus externus
• Porus acusticus externus
• Vagina processus styloidei (eq, bo)
• Processus muscularis
• Bulla tympanica
  
  • Septum bullae (ca)
• Canalis caroticus (ca)
• Canalis musculotubarius
  
  • Semicanalis m. tensoris veli palatini
  • Semicanalis tubae auditivae
  • Septum canalis musculotubarii
• Pars endotympanica (fe)

Question 5

Os temporale

Pars squamosa

1. Structures to mention
2. Draw pars squamosa

Answer 5

• Crista supramastoidea
• Processus zygomaticus
• Tuberculum articulare (eq)
• Fossa mandibularis
  
  • Facies articularis
• Processus retroarticularis
• Processus occipitalis
• Foramen retroarticulare (eq, bo, ca)
• Incisura tympanica
• Processus retrotympanicus
• Sinus frontalis caudalis (bo, su)

Question 6

Os temporale

List interspecies differences

Answer 6

Pars petrosa:

• Processus mastoideus (ø su)
• Impressio n. trigemini (ø ca)
• Canalis n. trigemini (ca)
• Crista partis petrosae (eq, ca)
• Fossa subarcuata (ca)
• Processus styloideus (eq, bo)

Pars tympanica:

• Vagina processus styloideus (eq, bo)
• Bulla tympanica
  
  • Septum bullae (ca)
• Canalis caroticus (ca)
• Pars endotympanica (fe)

Pars squamosa:

• Tuberculum articulare (eq)
• Foramen retroarticulare (eq, bo, ca) (ø su)
• Sinus frontalis caudalis (bo, su)

Question 7

Os temporale

What does os temporale form?

Answer 7

Forms the lower part of the lateral walls of the skull

Question 8

Os parietale

Structures to mention

Answer 8

• Angulus frontalis
• Angulus occipitalis
• Angulus sphenoidalis
• Angulus mastoideus
• Facies interna
  
  • Sulcus arteriosi
  • Impressiones digitae
  • Juga cerebralia
  • Crista saggitalis interna (eq)
  • Processus tentoricus (eq, ca)
• Facies externa
  
  • Planum parietale
  • Planum temporale
  • Crista sagittalis externa (eq, ca)
  • Linea temporalis
  • Sinus frontalis caudalis (bo, su)
    
    • Septum sinuum frontalium

Question 9

Os parietale

List interspecies differences

Answer 9

• Facies interna
  
  • Processus tentoricus (eq, ca)
• Facies externa
  
  • Crista saggitalis externa (eq, ca)
• Sinus frontalis caudalis (bo, su)
  
  • Septum sinuum frontalium

Question 10

Os parietale

Location

Answer 10

• Paired
• Between os occipitale and os frontale

Question 11

Os parietale

What does os parietale form?

Answer 11

• Roof of cranium
• Sides of cranium
• Ru: part of nuchal surface

Question 12

Os parietale

What encloses os parietale

Answer 12

Margo interparietalis

Question 13

Os parietale

Which structures can be found on f**acies externa?

Answer 13

• Planum parietale
  
  • ​On the roof of the cranium
  • Ru: called planum nuchale​
• Planum temporale
  
  • ​On the sides
• Linea temporalis
  
  • ​Separates planum parietale and planum temporale
• Christa saggitalis externa (eq, ca)
  
  • Extends from os interparietale
  • Ca: divides into linea temporalis on os frontale
  • Eq: divides into linea temporalis on os parietale
• Sinus frontalis caudalis (bo, su)
  
  • Septum sinuum frontalium (bo, su)

Question 14

Os parietale

Which structures can be found on f**acies interna

Answer 14

• Sulcus arteriosi
  
  • ​Vascular grooves
• Impressiones digitae
  
  • ​Houses the gyruses of the brain
• Juga cerebralia
• Crista sagittalis interna (eq)
  
  • Inconsistant
• Processus tentoricus (eq, ca)
  
  • Forms tentoricum cerebelli osseum

Question 15

Which bones forms tentorium cerebelli osseum?

Answer 15

1. Os parietale
2. Os interparietale
3. Os occipitale

• In eq, ca
• Attachment of tentorium cerebelli