B5 - Arcus aortae, aorta thoracica

Question 1

Draw arcus aortae of:

1. Horse
2. Ruminant
3. Swine
4. Dog

Answer 1

• Arcus aortae gives rise to vessels which supply the head, neck, forelimb and cranial region of the thorax, and some thoracic organs
• A. vertebralis
  
  • ​Runs through forr. transversaria of C6, through canalis transversus → goes cranially to atlas
  • ​Anastomoses with a. occipitalis
• A. cervicalis profunda
  
  • ​Ca, ru, su: from tr. costocervicalis
  • Eq:
    
    • Sinister from a. subclavia
    • Dexter from tr. brachiocephalicus
• A. scapularis dorsalis
  
  • ​Eq, ca, ru: arises from tr. costocervicalis
  • Sus: arise from a. subclavia
  • Between m. serratus ventralis cervicalis and m. longimissimus dorsi to the ventral border of scapula
• A. vertebralis thoracica
• A. thoracica interna
  
  • ​Leaves a. subclavia medial to 1^st rib
  • It gives off at each segment r. intercostalis ventralis
    
    • ​r. intercostalis ventralis anastomose with a. intercostalis dorsalis
  • Rr. perforantes
  • Rr. sternales
  • Rr. mammari (ca, sus)
  • Rr. mediastinales
  • Rr. thymichi
  • Divides into:
    
    • A. musculophrenica
      
      • ​Rr. intercostales ventrales
      • Rr. prhrenici → diaphragm
    • A. epigastrica cranialis
      
      • ​Divides into deep and superficial branches
• A. cervicalis superficialis
  
  • ​Springs from a. subclavia
  • Branches to lnn. cervicalis profundi caudales
  • Rr. deltoideus
  • R. ascendens
  • A. suprascapularis (interspecies?)
  • R. acromialis (sus)

Question 2

Draw the complete arterial system of the thorax (dog)

Answer 2

Question 3

Draw aorta thoracica

Answer 3

• Starts from between 3^rd and 6^th thoracich vertebrae
• Runs caudally below the roof of the thorax
• After it pierces the diaphragm (hiatus aorticus) it contiues as aorta abdominalis
• Aa. intercostales dorsales
  
  • ​End by anastomosing with aa. intercostales ventrales and a. musculophrenica from a. thoracica interna
• A. costoabdominalis dorsalis
• A. prhenica cranialis (eq)
• A. broncho-esophagea
  
  • ​Ca: sinister et dexter
  • Sus: single artery
  • Eq: unpaired
  • Ru: r. bronchais

Question 4

Arcus aortae: ca

Answer 4

1. A. coronaria dextra
2. A. coronaria sinistra

​1. A. brachiocephalica

1. A. carotis communis sinistra
2. A. carotis communis dextra

A. brachiocephalica → A. subclavia dextra

1. A. vertebralis
2. Tr. costocervicalis
   
   1. A. scapularis dorsalis
   2. A. vertebralis thoracica
   3. A. cervicalis profunda
3. A. cervicalis superficialis
4. A. thoracica interna → a. epigastrica cranialis
   
   1. Aa. intercostales ventrales

​→ A. axillaris dextra​

1. A. thoracica externa

2. A. subclavia sinistra

1. A. vertebralis
2. Tr. costocervicalis
   
   1. A. scapularis dorsalis
   2. A. vertebralis thoracica
   3. A. cervicalis profunda
3. A. cervicalis superficialis
4. A. thoracica interna → a. epigastrica cranialis
5. Aa. intercostales ventrales

​→ A. axillaris sinistra

1. A. thoracica externa

Question 5

Arcus aortae: eq

Answer 5

1. A. coronaria dextra
2. A. coronaria sinistra

Tr. brachiocephalicus

1. A. brachiocephalica

1. ​Tr. costocervicalis
   
   1. A. scapularis dorsalis
   2. A. intercostalis suprema
2. A. cervicalis profunda
3. A. vertebralis
4. Tr. bicaorticus
   
   1. A. carotis communis sinistra
   2. A. carotis communis dextra

A. brachiocephalica → a. subclavia dextra

1. ​A. cervicalis superficialis
2. A. thoracica interna
3. Aa. intercostalis ventralis

→ a. axillaris dextra

1. A. thoraciaca externa

2. A. subclavia sinistra

1. Tr. costocervicalis
   
   1. A. scapularis dorsalis
   2. A. intercostalis suprema
2. A. cervicalis profunda
3. A. vertebralis
4. A. cervicalis superficialis
5. A. thoracica interna
6. Aa. intercostales ventralis

→ a. axillaris dextra

1. A. thoraciaca externa

Question 6

Arcus aortae: ru

Answer 6

1. A. coronaria sinistra
2. A. coronaria dextra

Tr. brachiocephalicus

​1. A. brachiocephalicus

1. Tr. bicaroticus
   
   1. A. carotis communis sinistra
   2. A, carotis communis dextra

A. brachiocephalica → a. subclavia dextra

1. ​Tr. costovertebrocervicalis
   
   1. A. vertebralis
   2. A. cervicalis profunda
   3. A. scapularis dorsalis
   4. A. intercostalis suprema
2. A. cervicalis superficialis
3. A. thoracica interna
4. A. intercostalis ventralis

→ a. axillaris dextra

1. A. thoracica externa

2. A. subclavia sinistra

1. ​Tr. costovertebrocervicalis
   
   1. 1. A. vertebralis
      2. A. cervicalis profunda
      3. A. scapularis dorsalis
      4. A. intercostalis suprema
   2. A. cervicalis superficialis
   3. A. thoracica interna
   4. A. intercostalis ventralis

→ a. axillaris dextra

1. A. thoracica externa

Question 7

Arcus aortae: su

Answer 7

1. A. coronaria dextra
2. A. coronaria sinistra

1. A. brachiocephalicus

1. ​Tr. bicaroticus
   
   1. A. carotis communis sinistra
   2. A. carotis communis dextra

A. brachiocephalica → a. subclavia dextra

1. Tr. costovertebrocervicalis
   
   1. A. vertebralis
   2. A. cervicalis profunca
   3. A. scapularis dorsalis
   4. A. intercostalis suprema
2. A. cervicalis superficialis
3. A. thoracica interna
4. Aa. intercostales ventralis

→ A. axillaris dextra

1. ​A. thoracica externa

2. A. subclavia sinistra

1. Tr. costovertebrocervicalis
   
   1. A. vertebralis
   2. A. cervicalis profunca
   3. A. scapularis dorsalis
   4. A. intercostalis suprema
2. A. cervicalis superficialis
3. A. thoracica interna
4. Aa. intercostales ventralis

→ A. axillaris dextra

1. ​A. thoracica externa