World assessment: block 2

Question 1

what vitamins are deficient in alcoholics

Answer 1

folate and cobalamin

Question 2

Someone who has difficulty chewing. Diplopia when reading or watching tv for long periods

Answer 2

myasthenia gravis

Question 3

myasthenia gravis is associated with

Answer 3

• thymoma

- thymic hyperplasia

Question 4

DiGeroge syndrome is failure to form what pouches

Answer 4

3 and 4

Question 5

glucose, sodium and potassium levels in diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer 5

glucose: increase
potassium: increased, but depleted intracellular
sodium: decrease

Question 6

MOA for Phenoxybenzamine? use

Answer 6

alpha adrenergic blocker

- pheochromocytoma preoperatively to prevent catecholamine

Question 7

what chemo drug has toxicity

Answer 7

Cisplatin

Question 8

MOA for Misoprostol

Answer 8

PGE1 analog

- stimulates gastric epithelial cell mucus production

Question 9

what molecule is increased with aspirin

Answer 9

5-lipoxygenase

Question 10

How do nitrate impact heart and left ventricular end systolic volume

Answer 10

• reflex tachycardia

- decrease left ventricular end systolic volume

Question 11

Low calcium levels. low serum phosphours and PTH levels. Short stature, short fingers and round face

Answer 11

Albright hereditary osteodystrophy

pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A

Question 12

what are PTH and phosphours levels in vitamin D deficiency

Answer 12

elevated PTH with low phosphorus

Question 13

Allelic heterogeneity

Answer 13

different mutations at the same genetic locus causes similar phenotypes

Question 14

MOA for montelukast

Answer 14

antagnoizes leukotriene D4 at cysteinyl-leukotriene receptor

Question 15

triad for hemochromatosis

Answer 15

• cirrhosis
• diabetes mellitus
• skin pigmentation ( bronze diabetes)

Question 16

Sites of anastomoses for portal system

Answer 16

• esophagus
• umbiliucs
• recuts
• spleen

Question 17

what does ELISA detect

Answer 17

• specific antibody or antigen

Question 18

Someone who has head circumference at 90th percentile, mid-face hypoplasia, and humoral/femoral shortening. Shortened digits and space between 3rd and 4th digits

Answer 18

achondroplasia

Question 19

Tyrosine kinase activated in CD-19 positive cells by antigen exposure, resulting in cell maturation, if this defective what is most likely

Answer 19

X-linked Bruton agammaglobulinemia

Question 20

proteins destined for rough ER posses

Answer 20

hydrophobic, N-terminal peptide signal sequnce

- remove this sequence get accumulation in cytosol

Question 21

What vitamin is needed for branched-chain alpha ketoacid dehydrogenase

Answer 21

B1 thiamine

Question 22

fetal ultrasound demonstrates

• ascites
• large bilateral pleural effusions
• small pericardial effusion

Answer 22

hydrops fatlis

Question 23

glucagon uses what signaling pathway

Answer 23

• cAMP

Question 24

hyperhidrosis

Answer 24

excessive sweating

Question 25

ablation of what can be used to treat severe cases of axillary hyperhidrosis

Answer 25

thoracic sympathetic trunk

postganglionic cholinergic neurons

Question 26

how does the round ligament course

Answer 26

• through inguinal canal into labia major

Question 27

what is vanillymandelic acid

Answer 27

• degradation products of epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 28

Pulmonary embolism does what to acid base of body

Answer 28

• pulmonary embolism