test 55: ALL Flashcards
2 subastances what drive angiogenesis
- VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor
2. FGF: fibroblast growth factor
Erythematous, itchy breast rash with skin texture changes analogous to an orange peal is what? disease?
- Peau d’ orange
- inflammatory breast cancer
Most common inherited cause of intellectual disability
Fragile X syndrome
3 things found in Hep A liver biospry
- hepatocyte swelling
- monocyte infiltration
- councilman bodies
clinical feature of Hep A
usually asymptomatic
- fever
- anorexia
- dark-colored urine
In the presence of oxygen, what does pyruvate get converted to
Acetyl-CoA via pyruvate dehydrogenase.
patient show neurologic symptoms ( tingling, difficulty concentrating) and recurrent episodes of nonspecific abdominal pain has what
acute intermittent porphyria
what accumulates in acute intermittent porphyria
- delta aminolevulinic acid
- prophobilinogen (PBG)
what secretes Secretin
duodenal S-cells
when does secretin get secreted
- increasing [H+]
what are the effects of Secretin
- increases pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
- [Cl-] content of pancreatic secretions decrease in proportion to [bicarbonate] increases
anterior nasal septum contains what structure
Kiesselbach plexus
equation for FF ( filtration fraction)
GFR/ Renal plasma flow
How do AV shunts impact preload and after load
preload: increase
afterload: decrease
name 2 critera for ADHD
- before age 12
2. greater than or equal 6 inattentive and/or hyperactive/ impulsive symptoms
Axillary lymph node dissection is risk factor for the development of what
chronic lymphadema –> angiosarcoma
What is Chediak-Higashi syndrome
autosomal recessive disorder of neutrophil phagosome lysosome fusion
clinical features of Chediak-Higashi syndrome
- neurological abnormalities
- partial albinism
- defective neutrophil function
What goes wrong in Albinism
- production of pigment itself is defective,
- melanocytes are normal in number and location
DiGeroge Syndrome is a deletion on what chromosome
22
regardless of patient’s hydration status, majority of water reabsorption in the nephron occurs where
proximal tubules
What is the patient requirement for considering hospice care
- with metastatic cancer or other terminal illness
- and life expectancy of less than 6 months
patient has ridid abdomem with associated left shoulder pain, hypotension and tachycardia suggets
splenic laceration
Any abdominal process ( ex. ruptured spleen) irritating the phrenic nerve sensory fibers around the diaphragm can cause what
referred pain to C3-C5 shoulder region ( Kehr sign)
Adenomyosis
endometrial glandular tissue within the myometrium
endometrial hyperplasia
- abnormal endometrial gland proliferation
trochlear nerve innervates wht
superior oblique muscle
The symptoms for acute intermittent porphyria
5 P’s
- Painful abdomen
- Port wine - colored urine
- Polyneuropathy
- psychological disturbances
- Precipitated by drugs
