World assessment: Block 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what causes acute respiratory distress syndrome

A

SPARTAS

  • sepsis
  • pancreatitis
  • pneumonia
  • aspiration
  • uRemia
  • rauma
  • amniotic fluid embolism
  • shock
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2
Q

patient has recent trauma, new diffuse symmetric pulmonary opacities, and normal sized hearth

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

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3
Q

pathology of acute respiratory distress syndrome

A
  • injury of endothelial
  • increase alveolar capillary permeability
  • fluid into alveolar
  • activate neutrophils
  • damage type I and II pneumocytes
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4
Q

osteosarcoma

A

malignant proliferation of osteoblasts

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5
Q

Paget is related to what other tumor of the bone

A

osteosarcoma

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6
Q

Globus sensation

A

feeling of a “lump in the throat” without accompanying physical, endoscopic, or radiologic findings of esophageal obstruction

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7
Q

what type of crystals form in gout

A
  • monosodium urate crystals

- negatively birefringent

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8
Q

Endometriosis

A

presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus

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9
Q

Most common site for endomeriosis

A

ovary

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10
Q

Adenomyosis

A

extension of endometrial tissue into uterine myometrium

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11
Q

Leiomyoma

A

benign smooth muscle tumor of uterus

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12
Q

which vitamin is highly teratogenic especially during the first trimester of pregnancy

A
  • vitamin A
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13
Q

MOA for Oseltamivir

A

inhibits neuraminidase

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14
Q

appearance of DNA fragments in multiples of 180 base pairs on gel electrophoresis indicates

A

DNA laddering - apoptosis

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15
Q

follicular B cell lymphoma overexposes what oncogene

A

BCL2

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16
Q

Methylphenidate is related to what drug

A
  • amphetamines
17
Q

Germline mosaicism

A

presence of multiple, genetically different gamete cell lines
- genetic mutation in offspring but not in parents

18
Q

pleiotropy

A

1 gene type contributes to multiple phenotypes

19
Q

Diabetic patients should do what everyday

A

inspect their feet

20
Q

Auer rods are azurophilic, needle-shaped cytoplasmic inclusions that found in

A

acute promeylocytic leukemia

15:;17

21
Q

who is the only person to secrete IL-2

A

T lymphocytes

22
Q

Cadherins

A
  • calcium-dependent molecules that bind epithelial cells together within tissues
23
Q

Caherin molecules on epithelial cells bind to cadherin molecules on adjacent cells to form

A
  1. adherens junction

2. desmosomes

24
Q

cell adhesion to basement membrane

A

hemidesmosomes

25
Q

characterize Molluscum contagiousm

A

umbilicated, flesh-colored papules on skin and mucous membranes

26
Q

histo for molluscum contagiousum

A
  • eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies
27
Q

primary concern with both anterior and posterior dislocations of knee joint

A

popliteal artery

28
Q

Sublimation

A

mature defense mechanism in which person channels unacceptable thoughts or impulses into socially acceptable behavior

29
Q

reaction formation

A

replacing a warded-off idea or feeling by an emphasis on the opposite

30
Q

Projection

A

misunderstanding another feelings and acting externally to it

31
Q

Ligand binding to tyrosine kinase receptor results in formation of what

A

receptor dimers and conformational change that exposes tyrosine kinase-active sites

32
Q

Sildenafil works on what muscle

A

corpora cavernosa

33
Q

Eye problem with craniopharyngioma

A

bitemporal hemianopia

34
Q

ion flow rate for pancreatic exocrine
high
low

A

low: more bicarb
high: more chloride

35
Q

Difference between acute distress disorder and post traumatic stress disrocer

A
  • ASD: 3 days - 1 month
36
Q

Schizophrenia all diseases

A
  1. Schizophrenia : 6 months
  2. Brief psychotic disorder: less than 1 month
  3. Schizophreniform: 1- 6 months
37
Q

false positive rate

A

1- specificity

38
Q

what is wrong in acute intermittent porphyria ? what does it convert

A

prophobilinogen deaminase

- prophobilinogen to hydroxymethylbilane