Test 76: Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Hansen disease infects what organs

A

skin and nerves

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2
Q

Infection of Hansen disease can be associated with contact with what

A

Armadillo

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3
Q

Difference b/w Tuberculoid leprosy and Lepromatous leprosy

A

Tuberculoid: Th1 immune
Lepromatous: Th2, lethal

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4
Q

Merocrine glands release what

A

watery security product via exocytosis with no loss of cell membrane

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5
Q

Apocine glands secrete

A

membrane-bound vesicles containing the secretory product

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6
Q

Holocrine galnds release

A

entire content of cells via cell lysis

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7
Q

What type of glands are involved with acne

A

Sebaceous gland which is a type of holocrine gland

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8
Q

Exposure to what rays causes photoaging

A

UVA

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9
Q

What happens in photo aging of skin

A
  • epidermal atrophy
  • flattening rete ridges
  • decrease collagen fibril production
  • increase degradation of collagen and elastin in dermis
  • increase cross-linking of collagen
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10
Q

Axillary lymph node dissection is a risk factor for the development of what?

A

Chronic lymphadema involving the ipsilateral arm

- predisposes to angiosarcoma

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11
Q

Stewart-Treves Syndrome

A

angiosarcoma

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12
Q

What is Cherry Hemangioma

A
  • Benign capillary hemangioma of elderly
  • Does not regress
  • frequency increases with age
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13
Q

What is strawberry hemangioma

A
  • Benign capillary hemangioma of infancy
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14
Q

How does strawberry hemangioma present

A
  • appears first few weeks of life
  • grows rapidly
  • regresses spontaneously by 5-8 years
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15
Q

4 year old caucasion male has recurrent skin and respiratory infections. Light skin and silvery hair. Horizontal nystagmus. Peripheral blood smear: giant cytoplasmic granules in neutrophils and monocytes

A

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

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16
Q

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

A
  • Eczema, thrombocytopenia

- combined B and T disorder

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17
Q

Chediak-Higashi syndrome is a defect in what

A

neutrophil phagosome lysosome fusion

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18
Q

Poison ivy dermatitis produces what in skin

A

Urushiol

- causes immune response

19
Q

Androgenetic alopecia causes hair loss primarily where on head

A

anterior scalp and vertex

20
Q

What is the main pathogenic factor for androgenetic alopecia

A

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

21
Q

MOA for Finasteride

A

5alpha reductase inhibitor

22
Q

Inheritance pattern for androgenetic alopecia

A

Polygenic inheritance

23
Q

What is used to treat alopecia areta

A

intralesional glucocorticoids

24
Q

Terbinafina is used to treat what

A

Tinea capitis

25
Q

Most common metastatic tumors to the brain are

A

lung
renal
melanoma

26
Q

Melanocytes have what embryologic origin

A

Melanocytes

27
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

A

autoantibodies against hemidesmosomes along basement membrane of dermal-epidermal junction

-entire epidermis separates from dermis, forming blister

28
Q

Immunofluresence for Bullouspemphigoid

A

IgG and/or C3 deposits in linear pattern

29
Q

Bacillary angiomatosis found in what infection

A

Bartonella Henselae

30
Q

Describe bacillary angiomatosis

A

Benign capillary skin papules

31
Q

Niacin is derived from what

A

Tryptophan!!!!!

32
Q

Niacin is essential for what biochemical molecules

A

NAD and NADP

33
Q

Niacin deficiency can cause

A

Pellagra: diarrhea, Dementia

34
Q

Arginine is precursor for what

A
  • nitric oxide
  • urea
  • ornithine
  • agmatine
35
Q

Carotene is a precursor for

A

vitamin A

36
Q

Cholesterol is a precursor for

A

steroid hormone

37
Q

Orotic acid is a precursor for

A

pyrimidine

38
Q

PHenylalaine is precrusor for

A

tyrosine

39
Q

At what sites does splicing occur

A

GU at 5’ splice stie

AG at 3’ splice site

40
Q

Phemphigus vulgaris

A

autoimmune against desmosomal proteins

41
Q

Presentation of phempigus vulgarism

A
  • painful flaccid bullae
  • spread laterally with pressure
  • new blisters may form with gentle rubbing
42
Q

What can cause pyrimidine dimers in DNA

A

Ultraviolet light exposure

43
Q

Screening for RPR or VDRL, and confirmatory test FTA-ABS is for what

A

Treponema pallidum