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Uworld > Deck 101: Incorrect > Flashcards

Deck 101: Incorrect Flashcards

1
Q

role of IL-2

A

stimulate: T and B cells
Natural killer cells
monocytes

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2
Q

MOA of Latanoprost on eye

A

increase outflow of aqueous humor

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3
Q

when does loss of cardiomyocyte contractility occur after the onset of total ischemia

A

within 60 seconds

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4
Q

Pick’s disease another name

A

frontotemperoal dementia

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5
Q

describe pick’s disease

A
  • changes in personality, social behavior, and language that progress over time to a more global dementia with obvious neurocognitive deficits
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6
Q

Role of parietal cortex

A
  • integrating sensory information
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7
Q

What enzyme has been linked to forms of colon adenocarcinoma

A

cyclooxygenase -2

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8
Q

what phases secrete gastric acid secretion

A
  • caphalic and gastric phases
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9
Q

what phase reduces gastric acid secretion

A

intestinal influences

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10
Q

what type of cells regenerate alveolar lining following injury and surfactant production

A

Type II pneumocytes

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11
Q

cephalosporin resistant organisms

A
  • listeria
  • MRSA
  • enterococci
  • atypicals ( mycoplasma, chlamydia)
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12
Q

treatment for listeria

A

Ampicillin

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13
Q

For the negative predictive value graph on page 33. area under graph represents what

A

TN, FN, FP, TP

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14
Q

tRINA contain what modified bases

A
  • dihydrouridine
  • ribothymidine
  • pseudouridine
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15
Q

what is at the 3’ end of tRNA

A

CCA ( Can Carry Amino acids)

- amino acid binding site

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16
Q

role of T loops for tRNA

A

binds to ribosomes

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17
Q

Decreased lung volumes and increased lung elastic recoil is

A

interstitial lung disease

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18
Q

increased elastic recoil results in what in restrictive lung disease

A
  • increase radial traction ( outward pulling) on airways

- increase expiratory flow rates when corrected for low lung volume

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19
Q

Pleiotropy

A

multiple phenotypic manifestations result from a single genetic mutation

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20
Q

Skeletal abnormalities, lens dislocation, intellectual deficits, vascular thromboses, and a genetic defect in cystathionine beta-synthase enzyme

A

homocytsinuria

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21
Q

segration

A
  • offspring inherits only half of each parent’s genetic composition
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22
Q

polyploidy

A

2 complete sets of homologous chromosomes exist within an organism
69XXX

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23
Q

locus heterogeneity

A

ability of one disease or trait to be caused by mutations in multiple different genes

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24
Q

genetic linkage

A

tendency of alleles located near one another on the same chromosomes to be inherited jointly

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25
Q

Patient who has new-onset neurologic symptoms, anemia with schixtocytes, thrombocytopenia and acute kidney injury likely has what

A

thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura

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26
Q

TTP , what goes wrong

A

impaired function of ADAMTS13, von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease

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27
Q

symptoms for thrombotic thrombocytipenic purpora

A 
FAT RN
Fever
Anemia ( hemolytic) 
Thrombocytopenia 
renal symptoms 
neurologic
28
Q

physical signs of stimulant intoxication inlcude

A 
tachycardia
hypertension
hyperthermia
diaphoresis 
mydriasis
29
Q

Schizophreniform disorder

A
  • 2 or more psychotic symptoms lasting 1-6 months
30
Q

aneurysmal compression of CN III has what symptoms

A
  • mydriasis
  • ptosis
  • “down and out” deviation
31
Q

what lies immediately deep to the tip of the 12th rib

A

left kidney

32
Q

Leads I and aVL correspond to what part of the heart and supplied by

A
  • lateral aspect of left ventricle

- left cirumflex artery

33
Q

Pulsus paradoxus

A

decrease in systolic blood pressure of less than 10 mm Hg with inspiration

34
Q

When can pulses paradoxes occur

A
  • cardiac tomponade
  • asthma
  • COPD
  • constrictive pericarditis
35
Q

explain pulses paradoxes in cardiac tamponde

A
  • inspire
  • increase preload
  • increase RV filling
  • interventricular septum shifts into LV
  • decrease LVEDV
  • decrease systolic blood pressure
36
Q

Most common causes of pulses paradoxes in the absence of significant pericardial disease

A

asthma

COPD

37
Q

what type of beta drugs are used for asthma and COPD

A

beta-adrenergic agonists

- increase cAMP

38
Q

What causes accumulation of androgens during pregnancy, resulting in ambiguous external genitalia in female infants and maternal virilization

A

placental aromatase deficiency

39
Q

gonadal artery arises from what artery

A

abdominal aorta

40
Q

St. John’s wort does what to P450

A

induces cytochrome P450

41
Q

Name the CYP 450 inhibitos

A

CRACK AMIGOS

  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Ritonavir
  • Amiodarne
  • Cimetidine
  • Keoconazole
  • Acute EtOH
  • Macrolide
  • INH
  • Grapefruit
  • Omeprazole
  • Sulfonamides
42
Q

Name the CYP 450 inhibitors

A

Guiness, Coronas, PBR cause Chronic Alcoholism

  • Griseofulvin
  • Carbamazepine
  • Phenytion
  • Barbituates
  • Rifampin
  • St. John Wart
  • Chronic Etoh
43
Q

why is carbidopa added to levodopa

A

reduce peripheral side effects of levodopa
- behavioral changes from levodopa can actually worsen with addition of carbidopa because dopamine becomes available to the brain

44
Q

Rifampin, phenobarbital, and phenytoin CYP450 what

A

enhancers

45
Q

Irritability, dystonia, poor feeding, and a “maple syrup” scent to the patient’s urine within the first few days of life

A

maple syrup urine disease

46
Q

dietary restriction of maple syrup urine

A

restrict branched- chain amino acids

leucine, isoluecine and valine

47
Q

1st pharyngeal arch

A
  • trigeminal nerve ( 2/3)
  • mandible
  • maxilla
  • zygoma
  • incus
  • malleus
48
Q

second pharyngeal arh

A
  • facial nerve
  • stapes
  • styloid process
  • lesser horn of hyoid
49
Q

muscular derivatives of 2nd pharyngeal arch

A

muscles of facial expression

50
Q

muscular derivatives of 1st pharyngeal arch

A
  • muscles of mastication
51
Q

Treacher-Collins syndrome

A

abnormal development of first and 2nd arch

52
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve is derived from what arch

A

third

53
Q

lesser hyoid bone derived from

A

2nd arch

54
Q

greater horn of hyoid derived from

A

3rd arch

55
Q

microcytic anemia and increased hemoglobin A2 concentration. Peripheral blood smear shows hypochromia and poikilocytes, including spherocytes and target cells. In asymptomatic adult of Italian american patient

A

beta-thalassemia minor

56
Q

alpha thalassemia in common in who

A

southeast Asia

57
Q

Beta-thalassemia is caused by what process

A
  • caused by a variety of DNA mutations affecting the transcription, processing and translation of beta-globin mRNA
58
Q

Drug continuous infusion of a drug metabolized by first-order kinetics, the steady state concentration is reach when

A

4 to 5 half lives

59
Q

Propionyl CoA is derived from what amino acids

A 
Valine
Ile
Met
The
- odd numbered fatty acids
- cholesterol side chains
60
Q

what does propionyl CoA carboxylase convert

A

propionyl CoA to methylmalonyl CoA

- develops propionic acidemia

61
Q

chronic kidney disease with mineral bone disease what have levels of phosphate, PTH, calcitriol

A
  • phosphate increased
  • hyperparathyroidism
  • decrease calcitriol
62
Q

circulating IgG4 antibodies to phospholipase A2 receptor ( transmembrane protein abundant on podocytes)

A

membranous nephropathy

63
Q

Patients who experience major depressive and hypomanic episodes are diagnosed with what

A

bipolar II disorder

64
Q

in contrast to manic epidsodes, hypomanic episodes are

A
  • less severe
  • do not involve psychosis
  • lesser degree of functional impairment
65
Q

patient with recurrent vaginal Candida infections, weight loss, diarrhea, generalized lymphadenopathy and thrush likely has

A

HIV

66
Q

BK virus causes

A

nephropathy

67
Q

sunlight exposure catalyses conversation of what for vitamin D

A

7-dehydrocholesterol to cholecalciferol in skin

Uworld (63 decks)

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