Test 93: Incorrect Flashcards
Where does HSV-2 located
Sacral dorsal root ganglia
Locomotor ataxia refers to
tabes dorsalis
What is postherpetic neuralgia? what is it seen in
- persistent pain after resolution of lesions
- Varicella zoster
name 3 things Sertoli cells secrete
- inhibin B
- androgen-binding protein
- MIF (Mullerian inhibitory factor)
Damage to the infraorbital nerve causes what
- paresthesia of upper cheek, upper lip, upper gingiva
- inferior rectus muscle becomes entrapped
Corneal reflex involves what nerves
- cranial nerve V1 sensory
- VII motor nerve
trauma to the superior orbital fissure can cause
impaired corneal reflex
Epithelium of ovary
simple cuboidal epithelium
Drug of choice for paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia
adenosine
half life of adenosine
less than 10 seconds
side effects for adenosine
- chest burning
- flushing
Another name for cross-sectional study
prevalence study
An instruction to leave the bedroom if unable to fall asleep is an example of what therapy for insomnia
stimulus control therapy
MOA of Niacin
- decreases hepatic synthesis of triglycerides and VLDL
- reduces clearance of HDL
Side effects of Niacin
- gout
- flushing
- hyperglycemia
- hepatotoxicity
how does orotic acuduria present
- failure to thrive
- developmental delay
- megaloblastic anemia refractory to folate and B12
Pyridoxine is supplemented with what drug
Isoniazid
S1 nerve root compression causes
- pain/sensory loss down posterior thigh and calf to lateral aspect of foot
- weakness on thigh extension, knee flexion, and foot plantar flexion
- absent ankle jerk reflex
L2 or L3 radiculopathy
- paid down anterior thigh
- weakness of hip flexion
L4 radiculopathy
- pain/paresthesia down anterior thigh to medial lower leg and foot
- no Knee reflex
- weakness on knee extension
What is the most important mediator of coronary vascular dilation in large and pre-arteriolar vessels
Nitric oxide
How much does the nervous system impact the coronary blood flow
not much
define splitting
seeing all good or all bad
what disorder is splitting seen in
borderline
Why does gout occur with increased frequency in pains with activating mutations involving phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase
- increase production and degradation of purines
First-line therapy of acute gout
NSAIDS
2nd line therapy for acute gout
Colchicine
What is phospholipid composition of the viral particle surface that is highly similar to that of the cell membrane
CMV
A virus with a phospholipid-containing particle surface is a virus with what
enveloped
Genrally, enveloped viruses acquire their envelopes from where? exception
- plasma membrane
- Herpesvirus: get from nuclear membrane
what therapy during pregnancy reduces the risk of perinatal transmission of HIV and is recommended for all pregnant women with HIV
antiretroviral therapy (enzyme inhibitor drug)
Oral thrush, interstitial pneumonia, and severe lymphopenia during the first year of life are consistent with what
mother to child vertical transmission of HIV -1
What helps down-regulate gastric secretion after a meal the most
intestinal influences
femoral nerve arises from what nerve roots
L2-L4
Sensory for Iliohypogastric nerve
- suprapubic and gluteal regions
motor for iliohypogastric nerve
anterolateral abdominal wall muscles
Wallerian degenertaion
axonal degeneration and breakdown of myelin sheath that occurs distal to a site of injury
Why does axonal regeneration not occur in CNs
- myelin debri
- secretion of neuronal inhibitory factors
- development of dense glial scarring
How long can myelin debris hang out in the CNS
for years
Where is tennis elbow
lateral epicondylitis
tennis elbow is what muscle
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
job of extensor carpi radials braves
wrist extension
Role of interposes muscles
adduction of fingers
what virus am I? fever for 3-5 days followed by truncal rash
Herves 6
What is wrong in leukocyte adhesion deficiency
- defect in LFA-1 integrin (CD18) protein
- impaired migration and chemotaxis
Protective factors for epithelial ovarian cancer
- oral contraceptives
- multiparity, breastfeading
- tubual ligation
risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer
- infertility
- BRACA1
- postmenopausal age
What is protein marker for epithelial ovarian cancer
- CA125
Muddy brown casts are pathognominic for what
acute tubular necrosis
Tinnitus, vertigo and sensorineural hearing loss
Miner disease
what is the pathogenesis of Meniere disease
- increase volume and pressure of endolymph in the vestibular apparatus
Difference between acoustic neuroma and Meniere disease
Meniere: episodic
Neuroma: constant
MOA for aminoglycosides
interfering with 30 ribosomal subunit
MOA for Quinolones
mutated DNA gyrase
single sarcomere is defined as
distance between 2 Z lines
I band, what does it touch
actin filaments
- Z lines
A band, what line does it touch
think filaments
- M lines
Fragile X syndrome occurs when
meiosis of oocytes
what does the CGG tirnucleotide repeat cause for Fragile X
- FMR1 hypermethylation
Defect in DNA mismatch repair gene causes what syndrome
Lynch syndrome
what is lynch syndrome
- increase risk of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer
- extraintestinal malignancies
Commonly associated rugs with DRESS syndrome
- Anticonvulsants
2. allopurinol
Lab studies for DRESS will show
eosiniophlia
what are clinical manifestations for DESS
- fever
- generalized lymphadenopathy
- facial edema
Which polio virus drug produces a stronger mucosal secretory IgA immune response
live attenuated oral ( Sabin)
Fetal growth, retardation, hypertonia ( clenched hands with overlapping fingers), rocker bottom feet, and cardiac/GI/renal effects
Edwards syndrome
trisomy 18
what is 5p deletion
Cri-du-chat syndrome
- weak or cat like cry
pneumonic for acute pancreatitis
I GET SMASHED Idiopathic Gallstones Ethanool Trauma Steroids Mumps Autoimmune Scorpion sting Hypercalcemia Hypertrigliceridemia ERCP drugs
Most acute pancreatitis is caused by
gallstones and alcohol
Patients who have overdoes of beta blockers should be treated with
glucagon, saline and atropine
how does glucagon work on heart cells
- G protein
- adenylate cyclase
- increase cAMP
Patient presents with low-grade fever, anorexia/nausea, dark-colored urine, and right upper quadrant abdominal tenderness is highly suggestive of what
acute viral hepatitis
what characterizes hepatocyte apoptosis
- cellular shrinkage
- eosinophilia
Beta blockers exacerbate what, and masks what
- exacerbate hypoglycemia
- masks its adrenergic symptoms mediated by norepinephrine and epinephrine
