Topic 9: Integumentary System - Epidermal Derivatives (Hair + Nails) Flashcards

1
Q

What are epidermal derivatives?

A

All derived (formed) from the epidermis

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2
Q

Name 3 types of epidermal derivatives

A
  • hair
  • nails
    glands
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3
Q

What type of cells is hair made from?

A
  • dead cells
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4
Q

Name the 3 parts of hair

A
  • root
  • shaft
  • hair follicle
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5
Q

What is the hair root?

A
  • dead cells below the surface of the skin
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6
Q

What is the hair shaft?

A
  • above the skin surface
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7
Q

What is the hair follicle?

A
  • surrounds the root
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8
Q

Name the 3 parts to a hair follicle

A
  • epithelial root sheath
  • bulb
  • hair matrix
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9
Q

What is the epithelial root sheath?

A
  • several epidermis layers extend into the dermis
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10
Q

What is the bulb?

A
  • expanded region at base of root
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11
Q

What is the hair matrix? (2)

A
  • single layer of cells (derived from basale cells)
  • site of hair growth and melanin for hair colour
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12
Q

What parts are associated with each hair follicle? (5)

A
  • The outer CT sheath
  • Hair papilla
  • root hair plexus
  • sebaceous gland
  • arrector pili
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13
Q

What is the purpose of the outer CT sheath? (2)

A
  • holds follicle in place
  • formed from the dermis
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14
Q

What is hair papilla? (3)

A
  • extends upwards beneath matrix
  • contains blood supply for growing hair
  • formed from dermis
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15
Q

What is hair root plexus?

A
  • free nerve ending (touch)
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16
Q

What is the sebaceous gland in hair?

A
  • opens into follicle
17
Q

What is the arrector pili? (2)

A
  • muscle (smooth)
  • causes goosebumps
18
Q

What type of cells make up nails?

A
  • very heavily keratinized epidermal cells
19
Q

What are the components to a nail? (3)

A
  • nail root (buried in skin)
  • body (visible portion)
  • free ridge (white tip)