Topic 14: Respiratory System Overview + Nose + Nasal Cavity Flashcards
What are the main functions of the respiratory system? (2)
- air movement in and out of lungs
- exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) between lungs and blood
What are the two subdivisions of the respiratory system?
Upper and Lower respiratory system
What does the upper respiratory system include? (3)
- nose
- nasal cavity
- pharynx
What does the lower respiratory system include? (4)
- larynx
- trachea
- bronchial tree
- lungs
What is the respiratory system lined with?
- mucosa (with one exception)
What type of tissue does the respiratory system have? (2)
- All have epithelial and CT
- epithelial tissue for most is ciliated pseudostratified columnar
What is the function of cilia?
- sweep mucous to esophagus where swallowed
What is the connective tissue of ALL mucosa called?
lamina propria (areolar CT)
What are the characteristics of the nose? (2)
- supported by bone and hyaline cartilage
- nostrils are called nares
What are the three functions of the nasal cavity? (3)
- airway passage to heat and moisten air
- olfaction (smell)
- speech bc it is a resonance chamber
What is the nasal cavity divided by?
nasal septum
What is the anterior part of the septum made of?
hyaline cartilage
What parts make up the posterior part of the septum? (4)
- vomer
- ethmoid
- maxillae
- palatine bones
What are the 3 areas of the nasal cavity?
- vestibule
- respiratory area
- olfactory area
What is the vestibule? (2)
- anterior region
- lined by thin skin with coarse hair
What is the respiratory area? (4)
- posterior region
- mucosa is ciliated pseudostratified epithelium and CT
- chonchae protrudes from walls
- lacrimal duct
What are the 3 parts of chonchae?
- superior (ethmoid)
- middle (ethmoid)
- inferior - separate bone
In the nasal cavity, inferior to the chonchae is ____. What is it?
- nasal meatuses
- shallow grooves
What do chonchae and meatuses do?
cause air turbulence to knock out dust
What is the lacrimal duct, and what does it do in the nasal cavity?
- tears to nasal cavity
- opens into cavity here, just below inferior nasal chonchae
What is the olfactory area? (3)
- sense of smell
- roof of nasal cavity
- neurons here are called olfactory receptors
