Topic 19: Nervous System - CNS - Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 structures of the spinal cord?

A
  • foramen magnum
  • cauda equina (nerves)
  • filum terminate
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2
Q

From where does the spinal cord start and end?

A
  • foramen magnum to L1/L2 (conus medullaris)
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3
Q

Where do the nerves of the spinal cord move down as?

A
  • nerves continue down from spinal cord through vertebral foramina as cauda eqina (horse’s tail)
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4
Q

Where do the nerves exit at?

A

intervertebral foramina

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5
Q

What is filum terminate and its function?

A
  • CT extension of pia mater, which anchors conus medullaris of spinal cord to coccyx
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6
Q

Why is filum terminate important to doctors?

A
  • where CSF samples are taken
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7
Q

What are the 4 cross-sectional structures of the spinal cord?

A
  1. anterior median structure + posterior median sulcus
  2. central canal
  3. gray matter
  4. white matter
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8
Q

What do the anterior median fissure and posterior median sulcus separate?

A
  • separate spinal cord into right and left halves
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9
Q

What does the central canal contain?

A

CSF

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10
Q

What does gray matter in spinal cord contain? (3)

A
  • cell bodies
  • dendrites of motor neurons
  • interneurons (non-myelinated)
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11
Q

What is the structure of the gray matter of the spinal cord? (3)

A
  • H-shaped
  • has cross bar
  • horns
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12
Q

What is the cross bar of gray matter?`

A
  • gray commisure
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13
Q

What are the 3 horns of the gray matter? say if they are sensory or motor

A
  1. dorsal horn - sensory
  2. lateral horn - motor
  3. ventral horn - motor
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14
Q

What is the white matter of the spinal cord?

A
  • myelinated axons containing ascending (sensory) or descending (motor) tract
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15
Q

What does the white matter form? (3)

A

columns:
- dorsal column
- lateral column
- ventral column

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16
Q

What is the function of the spinal cord? (2)

A
  • sensory and motor impulses
  • produces reflexes
17
Q

What are reflexes?

A
  • fast, predictable, autonomic responses to changes in environment